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61 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
_____ is indicated across the top of the audiogram and is measured in _____ |
Frequency and HZ |
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____ is indicated along the left side of the audiogram and is measured in _____ |
Loudness and dBHL |
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Immitance audiometry is an objective measure of the middle ear properties of ___ and _____, relationg to how well energy flows through the middle ear system |
compliance and impedance |
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_______ is a measurement of middle ear pressure, measured in daPA or mmH2O |
Tympanometry |
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Tympanogram classification or "type" is based on the ____ of the tympanogram |
Shape |
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In response to loud sound, contraction of the ____ muscle will decrease admittance at the tympanic membrane |
stapedius |
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In acoustic reflex decay testing, a __ second signal is presented at 10 dB above the acoustic reflex threshold to check fro decay in reflex response as a way to evaluate retrocochlear function |
10 |
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Otoacoustic Emissions (OAE) or auditory brainstem (ABR) testing are typically used in hearing screenings of ____ |
newborns |
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Otoacoustic emissions testing serves to analyze distortion product(s) or echo produced in the _____ |
Cochlea |
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In interpreting auditory evoked potentials or ABR results, you must look at peak _____ and ____ |
amplitude and latency |
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Audiology is the study of the ____ and ____systems and their related disorders |
hearing and balance |
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The 3 parts of the ossicular chain are the ___________ |
malleus, incus, and stapes |
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Tuning fork tests evaluate limited aspects of hearing via _____ conduction |
bone |
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Sound occurs when a disturbance creates a change in ____ in a gas, liquid, or solid medium |
pressure |
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In a _____ wave, each cycle takes the same amount of time to occur and sounds _____ |
periodic; musical |
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A pure-tone wave one has one ____ whereas waves with two or more are called______ waves |
one; aperiodic |
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The human frequency range of hearing is _____ |
20-20,000 HZ
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Air conduction testing evaluates the ___ auditory systems, whereas bone conduction evaluates the ____ ear |
entire; inner |
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SOund energy changes from ____ to _____ at the TM |
Acoustic; mechanical |
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The primary purpose of the eustachian tube is _____ equalization |
pressure |
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CHL is rarely "severe" and does not exceed a __ dB air-bone gap |
60 |
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The most common cause of hearing loss in the outer ear involves _____ |
Wax |
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The most common cause of hearing loss in children is ____ with ____ and is often temporary with no permanent effects on hearing |
otitis media; effusion |
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The most common cause of hearing loss in adults is related to ___ and is preventable |
noise |
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The middle ear provides impedance matching between acoustical energy at the TM/_____ connection and hydraulic energy at the _____/oval window |
malleus; stapes |
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The inner ear houses two functional centers/systems: ____________ |
Cochlea and vestibular system |
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The _____ system tells your brain where your body is in 3-D space |
vestibular |
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The 3 fluid-filled chambers of the cochlea are the ______,________, and _______ with the _____ and ______membranes separating them. |
scala vestibuli, scala media, and scala tympani; reissner's and basilar |
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According to traveling wave theory, a wave in the cochlea proceeds from the base to the apex through membrane, at which point ____ are stumulated |
IHC's |
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In psychoacoustics, intensity of a sound wave is perceived as _______ whereas frequency is perceived as _____ |
loudness; pitch |
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Whereas air conduction testing tells us only the ___ of hearing loss, bone conduction testing provides additional information on the ____ and ____ of the loss |
degree; etiology and type |
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_____ indicates whether a test is repeatable in obtaining the same results upon retesting |
reliability |
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_______ indicates whether a test measures what it is supposed to measure |
validity |
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An audiometer is used to determine audiometric _______, or the lowest intensity (dBHL) at which a signal can be heard at least ____ of the time |
Threshold; 50% |
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The difference between air conduction and bone conduction thresholds of the same ear is called the _______ and indicates the amount of _____ loss present for that ear. |
air-bone gap; conductive |
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_____ is noise presented to the _____ ear to make sure it is not "helping" the other ear to hear the test signal |
Masking; nontested |
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The primary purpose of sound-treated booths, suites or rooms is to keep outside ____ levels from interfering with test stimuli |
Noise |
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If a right/ left difference in hearing is suspected or reported, you should test the ____ ear first |
better |
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Pure-tone testing usually begins at 1000 HZ, followed by testing in higher tones in _____ order, retesting at ______ Hz, and then testing lower frequencies in ______ order |
Ascending; 1000; descending |
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___________ is the lowest hearing level at which speech can be correctly identified, and is obtained using two-syllable ____ words |
Speech Reception Threshold; Spondee |
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A patient's dynamic range can be determined by the difference between their ____ and _____ |
SRT and UCL |
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PB word lists are used to evaluate speech (or word) _____ performance, and they contain all of the ______ elements of connected (English) speech in their normal proportions to one another |
recognition; phonetic |
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The _______ is used to estimate a person's speech recognition ability based on the amount of speech signal that is audible with their given hearing loss, by counting the number of dots below their hearing thresholds |
Audibility index |
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________ is the loss of intensity of a sound delivered to one ear and heard by the other ear; and is equal to ___ dbHL when testing by (circumaural) headphones or ____ dBHL when using (properly inserted) earphones or ___ dbHL when using bone oscillator |
Interaural Attenuation; 40; 70; 0 |
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______ is used when we need to determine which ear is responding and/or _____ is suspected |
Masking; cross-over |
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In using the plateau method for masking, effective masking or the "plateau" occurs between levels of ____-masking and ____-masking |
under and over |
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During bone conduction testing, ____ effect or "improved" low-frequency thresholds occurs when the external auditory meatus is covered |
Occlusion |
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______ Audiometry is an objective measure of the impedance/admittance properties of the middle ear, relating to how well _____ flows through the outer and middle ear system and into the cochlea |
Immittance |
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_______ is a plot of middle ear admittance or impedance measured at the plane of the tympanic membrane while pressure in the external ear canal is systematically changed |
Tympanogram |
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Impedance and compliance are ______ related |
inversely |
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Normal middle ear pressure in adults range is _______ whereas the normal range for children is _______ |
+50daPa- -50daPa; 50daPa- -100daPa |
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Because tympanometry using low frequency probe tones has low sensitivity to ____ Hz, it is better to use and 800-1000 Hz tympanogram |
226 |
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_______ threshold is the lowest intensity at which a middle ear immitance change can be detected in response to sound |
Acoustic Reflex |
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The immittance testing of acoustic reflexes can evaluate either _____ or ______ pathways, based on which ear receives the tone |
unilateral or contrilateral |
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Current statewide programs for newborn hearing screening generally employ _______ and/or _________ |
Auditory Brain Response (ABR) and/or Otoacoustic Emission (OAE) |
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If OAE is present, hearing is considered normal or no greater than ____ dB loss exists |
30 |
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Most small children do not respond at threshold, but rather above at a level referred to as _____ level |
Minimal response |
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______ is a system for evaluating newborns by assigning values at 1, 5, and 10 minutes after birth, with low scores raising suspicions of the infant having _______ hearing loss |
APGAR; sensori-neural |
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The ling Six Sound Test uses six phonemes which represent speech energy contained between ____ through _____ Hz, which is helpful in checking child's hearing with personal listening systme |
250-4000 |
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The audiometric data leading the audiologists to the first sign of erroneous hearing loss is incongruity between the ________ and ________ |
Pure tone average and the speech recognition threshold |
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The stenger test is used to estimate threshold of an erroneous ______ hearing loss |
unilateral |