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54 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What does prostrate mean?
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leaning over; stretched out on the ground
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classification of weeds is based on evolutionary --.
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relatedness
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What separates C4 plants from C3 plants?
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the product of cellular respiration is greater in C4 plants
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What does it mean if a seed needs stochastic conditioning?
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it needs hull abrasion or scarification
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what percent of plant species are considered weeds?
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0.1%
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37% of weeds are in which two families?
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grass and aster (sunflower)
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What eat seeds in predispersal?
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larvae, fungi, bats, ie weevil larvae
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what is fecundity?
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number of offspring
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what attacks seeds in postdispersal?
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herbavoires, insects,
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are there very many experiments on seedbank dispersal?
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no
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most seeds that make it into the soil and germinate though the may --.
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die
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ecologists see limitation as the rule/exception, therefore seed predation is not that important.
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exception
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do weed populations include seeds?
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yes
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What weed (on your list) doesn't reproduce by seed? Does it even have leaves? Why does it also have the common name of "scouring rush"?
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horsetail
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What is an easy well to tell whether a plant is in the "mint" family (aside from smell)?
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it has square stem
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What structure helps to identify a plant as in the "buckwheat" family?
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okrea
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What is distinctive about members of the Asteraceae family?
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very large
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What is the "function" of the dandelion pappus (umbrella-like structure attached to top of seed) aside from a means of wind dispersal?
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it angles the seed into the ground
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What weed (on your list) doesn't reproduce by seed? Does it even have leaves? Why does it also have the common name of "scouring rush"?
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horsetail; it has bristles that were at one time used to clean pots
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What is an easy well to tell whether a plant is in the "mint" family (aside from smell)?
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it has square stem
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What structure helps to identify a plant as in the "buckwheat" family?
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okrea
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What is distinctive about members of the Asteraceae family?
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very large, flowering heads
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What is the "function" of the dandelion pappus (umbrella-like structure attached to top of seed) aside from a means of wind dispersal?
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it angles the seed into the ground
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What weed (on your list) doesn't reproduce by seed? Does it even have leaves? Why does it also have the common name of "scouring rush"?
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horsetail
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What is an easy well to tell whether a plant is in the "mint" family (aside from smell)?
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it has square stem
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What structure helps to identify a plant as in the "buckwheat" family?
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okrea
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What is distinctive about members of the Asteraceae family?
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very large, flowering heads
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What is the "function" of the dandelion pappus (umbrella-like structure attached to top of seed) aside from a means of wind dispersal?
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it angles the seed into the ground
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What does the latin "arvense" mean?
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field
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What is a distinctive characteristic of (most) plants in the mustard family?
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four petals
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For the better part of a century, what three plants were on the "Wisconsin noxious weed list" and what do they have in common that makes sense, given Wisconsin's agricultural practices?
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canada thistle, field bindweed, leafy spurge;
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One advantage to being a salt tolerant weed, like "kochia", a tumbleweed, is...? (think competition
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it has little cometition
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Most weeds can self-fertilize? outcross?
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both; depending on location
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How are the bristles of the foxtail a means of dispersal?
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?
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What is the difference between a ramet and a genet? What lifecycles are these concepts most relevant for?
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ramet: a whole mess of gamets
gamet: rhizomes that run underground to form new clones of a parent plant; most relavent for perennials |
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What are the "ligule" and the "auricles" of a grass? Do all grasses have them?
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auricles are at the base of the petiole and wrap around the sheath. ligules are thin outgrowths in the leafjoint
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How does Galium aparine (aka catchweed bedstraw or bedstraw) physically compete with other plants?
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it actually grows over and pushes down other plants physically
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What special structure do foxtail plants have on their hull that allow them to violate the "star trek" principle?
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it has a door that opens and closes as the seed needs to
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Many times, a good place to find sedges is....
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wet
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Sedges have....
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edges
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Are sedges in the grass family? What is the grass family name (latin)?
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no; Poaceae
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Is the "nut" of nutsedge really a nut?
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?
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How can you tell the difference between the three types of foxtail on your weed list?
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seed size (yellow>giant>green)
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Latin "seta" means "bristle" as in "Setaria" (genus of foxtail) or "Equisetum" = equus (horse) plus setum (bristle)
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?
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How is a berry a means of dispersal?
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it attracts animals that will eat, poop, and spread the seed
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What is reproductive allocation and how does it typically vary between an annual and perennial plant?
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how much energy goes into reproduction; annuals put a lot into it, where perennials are more balanced in use
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Roughly 40% of all weedy plant species come from 2 family.... what are they?
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Sunflower (Asteraceae) and Grass (Poaceae)
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lambsquarters (Chenopodium album) is a C3 plant, while redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus) is a C4... what is the significance of that difference)?
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C3 plants produce 3 carbon sugars in respiration where C4 plants use 4; C4 is more efficient
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in a density independent process, the relationship between seeds and seedlings is ---.
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linear
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in the relationship between seeds and seedlings, the process starts out density independent, and then eventually becomes greatly ---.
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dependent
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what is the difference between inter and intra specific competition?
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intraspecific occurs among one species, where inter occurs between different species
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what is economic threshold?
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when the cost to rid the weeds equals the return for eliminating them
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what is the law of constant final yield?
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?
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What is the difference between a "replacement series" and an "additive design" for determining competitive impact?
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?
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