and the West in different levels. Reza Shah established an absolute monarchy while adopting the policy of modernization from above in order to modernize and westernize Iran. Even though Ulama (clerics) were against westernizing Iran, Reza Shah was able to bring forward many of its policies. A component of Iranians’ Constitutional Movement was to develop the country in order to reach a relative independence. In this regard, both Reza Shah and his son, Mohammad Reza Shah tried to address this…
Even the best intelligence agencies can miss major developments, fail to anticipate crises, or fail to rapidly shift analytical and collection resources, therefore resulting in intelligence failure. Whether it is a systemic or organizational inability to collect correct accurate information in a timely fashion, a failure to interpret information properly and analyze information in a timely way to alert policymakers to major new developments, or insufficient attention to bringing warning to…
Marjane Satrapi is a talented Iranian author well known for her autobiographical graphic novel “The Complete Persepolis”. With this novel, Satrapi shows her journey as a young child thrown into the fire of war, as a teenager trying to find her own identity in a foreign country and as a young adult who feels guilty for fleeing her country in the midst of a revolution. Marjane Satrapi’s brave, assertive and strong willed personality had a lot to do with her parents, grandparents, and uncle being…
The hardline conservatives have been a mainstay as one of the most influential factions in Iranian politics. Since the inception of Islamic Republic of Iran in 1979, the hardliners have successfully expanded their power in the non-elected bodies of the Iranian regime, headed by the ideological leader of their movement, Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei. However, the Iranians have not had nearly as much luck in obtaining control of the elected bodies in Iran. Since the Revolution, the hardliners have…
Modern revolutions have an almost archetypal pattern in which the popular masses overthrow an ancient, dogmatic totalitarian regime in favour of a more liberal and secularist political system. It is therefore of little wonder that the Iranian Revolution in 1979 received immense interest – and also became a subject of incredulity, perhaps – when the people deposed of the pro-Western Shah of the Pahlavi Dynasty and his constitutional monarchy only to be subjected to Ayatollah Khomeini’s…
In Tehran, Iran in July of 1979, revolutionaries who were followers of Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini forced the Iranian monarch, Mohammed Reza Shah Pahlavi, commonly referred to as the Shah of Iran to disband his government. The Shah then fled to Egypt. In October of 1979, President Jimmy Carter agreed to allow the Shah to come to the United States for cancer treatment. Because of this and other reasons, on November 4, 1979, a group of Iranian students seized the United States Embassy in Tehran…
dramatically. Items from India, China, and Iran passed easily across the Asian steppes, and these contacts culturally enriched Iran. For example, Iranians developed a new style of painting based on a unique fusion of solid, two-dimensional Mesopotamian painting with the feathery, light brush strokes and other motifs characteristic of China. After Ghazan's nephew, Abu Said, died in 1335, Iran again lapsed into petty dynasties the Salghurid, Muzaffarid, Inju, and Jalayirid, under Mongol…
Khaled Hosseini is a medical doctor, writer, who is well known for his notable works, the “Kite Runner” and “A Thousand Splendid Suns”. He was born in March 4, 1965 in Kabul, Afghanistan in an affluent Wazir Akbar Khan district, and is known as a growing, thriving, cosmopolitan city in which woman and men were regarded as equals (Wikipedia). Hossein’s parents’ were both highly educated: his father worked as a diplomat at the Afghan Foreign Ministry, while his mother was a high school teacher who…
The graphic novel Persepolis is a social and political commentary about Iran from the point of view of a little girl. That girl happens to be the author marjane Satrapi, who goes through the revolution and the protests of 1979-1983. Satrapi has such a strong passion to go back to Iran because it is where she was born and raised, it is also a place of protection and she wants to be there for its historic milestones. The revolution and the protests where all for a democracy. Finally Iran got its…
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN IRAN AND AMERICA Mateo M. Tolic IB Literature HL Y1 Writing Assessment January , 2016 On January 2002, President George Bush branded Iraq, Iran and North Korea as constituting a lethal "axis of evil" and spelled out the U.S. national security strategy against these countries. Iran continues to appear yearly on the U.S. State Department's list of terrorism. Terrorism is the use of violence and intimidation in the pursuit of political aims. In the graphic novel,…