Xanthine oxidase inhibitor

Duloxetine 60mg once Daily in the Treatment of Milder Major Depressive Disorder Elke Sandoval California State University Long Beach 11/10/2015 11: 00 am -12: 15 pm Summary Selection Introduction and hypothesis The researchers for this study wanted to conduct this experiment due to the controversy in treating patients with mild major depressive disorder (MMDD) through anti depressants. They realized that there are many studies on the effectiveness of anti depressants on moderate and major…

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is one of the most common mental disorders nowadays. According to the Openstax textbook, the disorder claims 2.3% of the U.S. population; it provokes obsessive thoughts and ritualistic actions (Openstax, 2014, p. 557). These thoughts and actions seem to be baseless and nonsensical from perspective of healthy individuals. However, for patients with OCD, it is impossible for them to ignore the urge of their thoughts. In patients’ thoughts, checking is the most…

The development of Zurampic®(Lesinurad), a first selective uric acid resorption inhibitor to treat gout Summary: Gout is the most common inflammatory arthropathy in the western world, which is caused by the excess accumulation of uric acid in the blood instead of normally excreting by kidney. Millions of people suffer from this kind of arthritis with an attack of sudden burning pain, stiffness, and swelling in a joint(usually a big toe). However, the current treatment for gout is far from…

Mobic 7.5mg PO daily. Norvasc 2.5mg PO daily. Lipitor 10mg PO daily. Allopurinol is a Xanthine oxidase inhibitor (XOI) and considered the first-line therapy for the treatment of gout (Khanna et al., 2012). “Allopurinol, an analog of the purine-based hypoxanthine, inhibits the conversion of hypoxanthine and xanthine to uric acid by xanthine oxidase (xanthine oxido-reductase)” (Hershfield et al., 2013, p. 154). Mobic is an Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs). NSAIDs…

then, be converted to both purines AMP (or adenosine monophosphate) and GMP (guanine monophosphate). Both purines AMP and GMP are further broken down by xanthine oxidase to make uric acid. However, individuals with hyperuricemia resulting in gout have an overproduction of purines. Therefore, if the purines are continuing to be produced xanthine oxidase continues to break down AMP and GMP into uric acid. The over production of uric acid creates those crystalized deposits in the body (Choi, Mount,…

amount of purines and resulting in a great amount of uric acid, a waste product of purine breakdown, allowing it to accumulate in the body (Becker, 2001). This condition is treated with allopurinol or febuxostat. Febuxostat is a non- purine xanthine oxidase inhibitor, designed to minimize the production of uric acid. It is an alternative for patients with poor tolerance to allopurinol (Bisht &Bist, 2011). Another most recent identified cause of gout in young children (and very alarming) is high…

Gout is a “disorder of metabolism that allows uric acid or urate to accumulated in the blood and tissues”(Rothschild, 2015, p. 3). It is more common in men than in women and has a higher incidence in 70 to 79 years of age. The gout syndrome is “ caused by alteration in purine metabolism, the end product which is uric acid. This results in hyperurecemia and in the deposition of urate crystals in various tissues (Woo & Wynne, 2011, p. 869). Hyperuricemia can occur due three mechanisms: 1.…

Annie, 40years old female has been admitted in Emergency department with chief complain of excruciating increasing pain in her big toe for the last two days. In addition to this, she also stated that she has not sleep for the last two days. On examination her toe appears red and swollen and warm to touch. Also, during palpation throbbing pulsation can be felt. According to Annie she cannot bear weight on her right foot. According to past medical history Anne has been diagnosed with gout. Her…

Patient Initials: XY Age: 60 Sex: M SUBJECTIVE DATA: Client Complaints: Acute abdominal pain after eating with nausea HPI: The patient came in with complaints of acute abdominal pain. He verbalized that his acute onset of abdominal pain started last evening after eating. He is also experiencing a gnawing hunger pain in the umbilical area. He also feels nauseous but no vomiting. He felt warm and sweaty last night that he believed he may have had a fever. His symptoms subsided after he sat…