Worldwide Governance Indicators

In this case methyl orange can be used as the indicator, pH arc being 3,1...4,4, or methyl red, pH arc being 4,4...6,2. If the pH value is bigger than the arc then the indicators will give a yellow colour to the solution, if smaller then a red colour. Total hardness is the sum of amount of Ca2+ and Mg2+ ions and is determined via complex-titration. Here is the stoichiometric point found by using different complex ions with different colours. The solution is titrated with…

both discarded into the waste bin and rinsed three times to prepare for the next trial. The same process was used to obtain the 50 mL of NaOH as in the previous experiment, but Ba(OH)2Ba(OH)2 was used instead. HCl was added to the phenolphthalein indicator and deionized water as in the first trial. 4 mL was added quickly and a singular drop was added slowly from there. A reaction took place at exactly 6 mL which was what was predicted. A light pink solution was produced. The second trial went…

DISCUSSSIONNN ————————— 1+2.) The results gathered showed that compound A had two spots, lower spot had an rf value of 0.48 and upper spot had an rf value of 0.77, this shows that compound A contained both paracetamol which has an rf value of 0.48 and caffeine which has an rf value of 0.77. Compound B had an rf value of 0.77 which is the same as caffeine therefore compound B contained caffeine. Compound C had an rf value of 0.48 which is the same as paracetamol therefore compound C contained…

Ali Youssef CHM 111-0A7L Mitra Jahangeri Paper Chromatography Lab Discussion The results of the Paper Chromatography process seem to have aligned with what was expected. When the capillary action on the paper had completed and the chromatograph was finished, the distance that each cation moved (D), as well as the distance that the solvent moved (L), could be properly measured. The distance that the solvent moved ended up being 7.05cm, a number that would represent the constant variable L in…

Lab 14/ Test 6: Determination of Acid Dissociation Constants through Titration Sabrina Tom I.Abstract The two unknown solutions A and E were titrated with NaOH solutions. For each solution, one fast and three slow titrations were done to see where the pH rose exponentially. The unknown solutions A and E were determined to be Pyridinium ion acid and oxalic acid, respectively. II.Theories One significant concept throughout this lab is titrations. A titration is a lab method analyzes a…

Normal standards for specific gravity are as typically as follows: 1.000 to 1.030 is a normal specific gravity, 1.001 after drinking excessive amounts of water, more than 1.030 after not drinking very many fluids and concentrated after receiving an antidiuretic hormone (ADH). Max’s urine concentration varied in concentration each time he was tested. The first test showed that his urine was a pale yellow which was an indication that he was hydrated. The second test showed the concentration to be…

The hypothesis that increasing the sucrose concentration from 6% (m/v) to 12 (m/v) would increase the rate of fermentation was not supported by the experiment. When looking at the graph it can be seen that the data obtained provided unclear results. Rather than the fermentation rate being significantly faster with a 12% (m/v) sucrose concentration throughout the entire study; the graph showed the fermentation rate for 12% (m/v) sucrose concentration was faster at times while the fermentation…

Fizzy drinks can cause some significant damage to your teeth and general heath. There are three main damaging factors: the sugar content, the acidic properties and the staining effect. The ph of a solution is defined as the hydrogen ion, H+, concentration of said solution (ThoughtCo, 2017). The ph scale ranges from 0-14. Ph 7 being a neutral ph, every ph above being classed as alkali and every ph before being classed as acidic. The mouth has a neutral ph that varies slightly from 6.5-7.5. This…

It is important to note that the goal of this experiment was to find the pKa value of bromothymol blue, a pH indicator commonly used in titrations. [UNC, 2017] The pKa is where the number of moles of acid to conjugated base are equivalent. To find this, both Beer’s Law and spectroscopy were utilized in an attempt to make graphs to show just where this value occurred. According to Sigma-Aldrich, the pKa of bromothymol blue is approximately 7.10. [SIGMA, 2017] The final pKa found experimental was…

household items that could be analyzed by titrations are fruit juice, Cola beverages and household ammonia. 3. Why is it necessary to add an indicator? Describe how an indicator works. The reason why it is necessary to add an indicator is to determine the concentration of an unknown solution. By reacting with H+ and OH-, these are weak acids and bases. If an indicator is a…