From 1095 to the end of the Middle Ages, the call to the Holy Land echoed across Europe as enthusiastic preachers lectured crowds upon wooden platforms, exercising all the tricks of the orator’s trade by coaxing, threatening, and promising in order to rouse up revenge upon there enemy. Preaching was the most effective way to reach the illiterate masses. Although the clergy and nobles of Europe were used to receiving letters begging aid for the Holy Land, for the most part the emotions and hopes…
60 years. In 1212, a children’s crusade ended with a thousands of children being sold into slavery, lost or even killed. Some less disastrous but equally futile crusade appeared until nearly the 13th century end, and the last outpost in the Muslim world fell in…
concerned that these new plans will only increase the housing crisis that we are currently facing (Foster, 2016). Local authorities are being given more flexibility to manage their own housing waiting lists and £774 million has already been given to 31 councils, excluding London who will receive £820 million to refurbish existing properties and improve the standards of living to those tenants. Registered…
The speech at the Council of Clermont by pope Urban II was the defining moment in Crusades ideology, creating the foundation for the first large scale Crusades to take place. With the newly found five accounts of the Council I’ll try to paint an accurate picture as possible of what exactly occurred. There is no official transcript from pope Urban II; instead these documents provide first hand accounts of what occurred. Whether they are reliable or not is another matter. Since each document…
Democratic Deficit The plurality of Eurosceptic people argue that the European Union has a democratic deficient and I believe they are correct. The EU is fairly removed from individual nation-state governments and lack of accountability results in the loss member-state soverignty (Coughlan 2004). A democratic deficit refers the involvement of citizens in decision-making, and it is a foundational part of a legitimate government (Follesdal and Hix 2006). As discussed earlier, EU law is…
Bible Study Overall Series The Great Galatian Debate Galatians 1- On Defense (Paul’s Reason for Writing) Galatians 2- Real Talk (Holy Conferencing) Galatians 3- Believe or Be (Faith vs. Good Works) Galatians 4- Freedom to Live (Slavery vs. Freedom) Galatians 5- Lifestyle (Fruits of the Spirit) Galatians 6- Sharing is Caring (Instructions to the Community) Behind the Scenes This Study of Paul’s letter to the Galatians uses the style of a presidential political debate to better understand…
woman bore her master four children she was to be set free. Another example is if a man turned 30, he was granted his freedom. In general and for most of the time, the master could keep their slaves for life if they wanted. Slavery in the Greco–Roman world was not based on race. There are four factors that would lead one to…
the Catholic Church. CCF simplifies the financial abuses of indulgences and how the Council of Trent clarified the Church’s position on the subject (CCF, 305). On the other hand, Peter Beer focuses on the Council’s ruling on indulgences in 1563. In his article “What Price Indulgences, Trent and Today”, Beer explains the struggle to come to consensus on indulgences. He expands on the seven questions posed to the council about indulgences (Beer, 527). These questions include topics such as what…
affordable housing, but several decades later, it ended up as a ruined relic of the past. The Pruitt-Igoe Myth tells the story of the transformation of the American city, specifically that of St Louis, Missouri, in the developing era after the second world war, through the lens of the infamous Pruitt-Igoe housing development team and the residents of St. Louis who called the complex home. After WW2, many residents (specifically American whites) began to move to suburbia, phenomena known today as…
Good morning to you all! Before I begin my speech, I would like to thank Maryam for that wonderful introduction. The reason I am running for mayor is, growing up, I have tried many times to get involved, to make a difference, but no matter how hard I tried things kept going back to how they were before. If I were mayor, things would be different. Toronto would be a safer place to live. So far in 2015, the amount of shooting deaths and injuries are up by 58% compared to last year, to combat this…