Wnt signaling pathway

as 6-hydroxycholesterol (6-HC), 7-hydroxycholesterol (7-HC) and 7-ketocholesterol (7-KC). In very low concentrations, oxysterols present natural components of the human body and mediate many physiological functions. Oxysterols influence several signaling…

is the proper generation and strong development of these cells. Since CVPCs can be derived from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs), human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs), and human embryonic stem cells (hESCs), we attempt to modulate the pathways of converting hPSCs, hiPSCs, and hESCs into CVPCs, thus speeding up the process. We hypothesize that by combining bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4), glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3), inhibitor CHIR99021, and ascorbic acid, we will be able…

Under normal physiological conditions, the function of the colon and the rectum is responsible for the very last phase of digestion. Water is absorbed from the digested material (mostly liquid at this point) by the colon to form stool. Subsequently, the dehydrated stool then moves into the rectum for storage until signals are sent for its expulsion from the anus (Silverthorn, 2012). When carcinomas occur in either the colon or the rectum, they are collectively labeled as colorectal cancer.…

structure of IR (PDB; 3ETA), IGF1R (PDB; 1K3A), EGFR (PDB; 1M17), VEGFR2 (PDB; 2OH4), CXCR2 (PDB; 4JL7), CXCR4 (PDB; 3OE6), CCR5 (PDB; 4MBS), AR (PDB; 2PIV), ER (PDB; 3ERT), γ-secretase (PDB; 4Y6K), PARP1 (PDB; 1UK1), Smoothened 7TM (PDB; 7QIM), and Wnt (PDB; 1JDH) retrieved from the protein data bank and prepared by using Maestro 9.6 application of protein preparation wizzards. Molecular docking studies was conducted using Maestro 9.6…

Revolution against the basic evolutionary developmental biology arises with the astounding repair capacity of the planarian robust self assembly system and its automatic repair ability of its body structures. With its complex body plan and nervous system, a planaria possess the ability to flawlessly regenerate any part of their body after a traumatic injury or loss. It is capable of recovering its original structure and function of any damaged or obliterated body part even after being deprived…

Pax6 is vital for proper eye development Eyes are essential organs for processing and interpreting sensory information in the environment, making them crucial features for many organisms to survive. The eye serves many functions, most of which are associated with a specific structure of this organ. For example, the lens, cornea, and iris are necessary for the optic capabilities of the eye. Light sensing is performed by photoreceptors located in the retinal pigmented epithelium. Transmission by…