William D. Lutz

The function of vitamin D is that it helps the body to absorb calcium, which forms and maintains strong bones. The function of vitamin K is absolutely essential to building strong bones. The function of Phosphorus is in the formation of bones and teeth. The function of Magnesium…

The thesis I have chosen to write about on a commonly held misconception is that cracking your knuckles will give you arthritis. I feel that everyone has, at some point in their lives heard the phrase “cracking your joints will give you arthritis”, even now that this misconception has been proven false many people still say this or believe it. Joint cracking can arise from the negative pressure pulling nitrogen gas into the joint, the sound can also arise from tendons snapping over tissues due…

and external effects on humans. Although it has been proven that the depletion of the ozone layer has caused health issues, there are many other factors for these health issues. The UV radiation also allows humans to receive a healthy dose of vitamin D. Therefore the question is, Is ozone depletion directly leading to a decrease in the overall health of humans in Australia? Chemical Background: Ozone is a highly reactive molecule that is constantly being formed and then broken down by…

Age is a primary cause for knee and hip replacement surgeries. As we get older, our joints naturally become more susceptible to breakdowns in cartilage and a loss of bone density. Osteoarthritis, sometimes referred to as degenerative joint disease is an abnormal medical condition that causes deterioration, pain, swelling or stiffness of bones and joints. Although osteoarthritis affects all age groups, the condition is seen most often in the older population. This could be for various reasons.…

There are two kinds of bone cements for orthopaedic procedures, conventional cement (PMMA) and bioasorbable composites. Cement augmentation is a very useful technique for fixation of implants such as screws, plates, or IMnails in osteoporotic bone. Generally, cement augmentation features increased strength of implant fixation, rapid restoration of patient mobility, and reduction of the complications of implant failures. The occurrence of severe skeletal loss requires the stability provided by…

Fracture is defined as a discontinuity of the bone [1]. Oral and maxillofacial surgeon treats traumatic injuries. Most of the traumatic injuries are comprised of Mandibullar fractures. The most commonly fracture site in the body is the facial area [2, 3] and the most frequent site in the facial area is mandible [4, 5]. As facial area is without protective covering and the mandible is the most protruded bone this area. The occurrence of injuries in the facial area tends to be high in the facial…

Calcium is a nutrient that the body needs for the health of its bones. According the Academy of Nutrition one should “build a healthy balance in your ‘calcium bank account.” (“What is Calcium?” n.d.). If one’s intake of calcium is done at different times throughout the day, absorption will be enhanced. But what is too much consumption or supplementation. Storage of calcium is in the bones or skeletal system. “Calcium is also essential for the normal function of muscles, blood vessels, and…

Question: The year is 2020. You are a postdoc currently working on a randomized control trial evaluating the influence of whole fat vs. low fat dairy products on cardiometabolic risk factors. Part of your analysis includes a blood test for a variety of compounds (e.g., minerals and hormones). As you sift through the data, you come across an unusual result: one subject has abnormally high calcium plasma levels. Upon further investigation, you find that their parathyroid hormone (PTH) plasma…

Mineral Elements: Q1: What does it mean to be anaemic? Anaemia is a blood-related medical condition, that is characterised by a distinctly perceivable lack of red blood cells and haemoglobin in the blood stream, which generally leaves the sufferer fatigued, unmotivated, and weak. This is what it means to be anaemic. However, Anaemia is closely linked with a deficiency in iron, and by frequently consuming a myriad of products that contain the vital element, those plagued by the unfortunate…

The humorous in the upper arm and the femur in the lower leg are examples of long bones in the arms and legs. Also there is the ulna in the forearm and the tibia and fibula in the lower leg. Long bones function is to support weight of the body. The femur is the longest bone in the body. Long bones also include the metatarsals, phalanges and the metacarpals. Long bones simplify movement. The flat bones in the body include the cranial bones, ribs, sternum and the scapula. Flat bones have function…