White blood cell

Renal complications Renal damage is almost inevitable in sickle-cell disease. There is a strong tendency for HbS to polymerise in the renal medulla, because of the low partial pressure of oxygen, the low pH, and the high osmolality causing erythrocyte dehydration. The consequent vaso-occlusion causes renal infarction with papillary necrosis, and medullary fibrosis with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. Other complications include haematuria, renal medullary carcinoma, nocturnal enuresis…

a real cell in our body. The egg in this lab can represent a red blood cell. When cells such as red blood cells are placed in pure water, water enters them through osmosis and they swell up. If this continues for a long period of time, they have a great chance of bursting. On the other hand, when cells are placed in a lower concentrated solution, water leaves them through osmosis and they are unable to function (BBC). For example, since saltwater from the ocean is hypertonic to the cells of the…

lungs to take in oxygen is debilitating to those who suffer from it. Poor lung function effects other areas of the body as well. When the lungs aren’t functioning correctly it stresses the heart requiring it to work harder. This can lead to high blood pressure, stroke and heart failure. Low oxygen intake can cause circulatory problems, body weakness, poor digestion, swelling, chronic hostility, fatigue, dizziness and sleep apnea. It literally sets off a domino effect in the…

are ran. Many athletes use blood doping to get an extra edge over the other competitors but by many people believe this method is unfair and many people are fighting over whether this method should be banned or allowed in professional sports. Blood doping is the process where blood is transfused or injected in the body to increase red blood cells. This red blood cells are important to athletes because the more red blood cells someone has the more oxygen in their blood which leads to more…

because stimuli can cause mild to severe effects. Cells require nutrients like oxygen, and a constant temperature. One disruption to homeostasis to homeostasis would be a lack of nutrients like oxygen by increasing the rate of respiration to increase oxygen to the body. Another disruption to homeostasis would be a change in temperature. An organism responds to a decrease in temperature by shivering to produce heat and vasoconstriction in the blood vessels to trap heat. An organism responds to an…

reproduction and produce fertilized embryonated egg , then the embryonated ova hatch to larva and develop to filarifom . The infective stage is the filarifom larva , the worm penetrate the skin to make infection and the filarifom enter the in the blood and transfer to lung then (alveoli…

risk of having cronary heart disease increase significantly. coronary heart disease is a condition in which the plaque, which is a waxy substance caused by high lDL level, congregate on the all of coronary arteries. These arteries supply oxygen-rich blood to your…

before I knew what type of macular degeneration (AMD) that I had. I am not a patient person and I figured the tests would take a long time, so I decided to do some research of my own. I researched and found that “AMD is caused by the breakdown of blood vessels between the insulating layer…

internal respiration) must happen. During pulmonary ventilation best known as breathing, air is moved into and out of the lungs (during inspiration and expiration) so that gases are continuously changed and refreshed. Oxygen diffuses from lungs to the blood, and carbon dioxide diffuses…

flesh, blood and bones. It’s absolutely amazing to learn and understand how the body is made up of so made different and ever-changing things but can function as a whole. In this paper I will explain how just one mineral can play a massive role in keeping your nerves, muscles and bones healthy. Magnesium is a cofactor in more than 300 enzyme systems that regulate varied biochemical reactions in the body, including protein synthesis, muscle and nerve function, blood glucose control, and blood…