White blood cell

assumption is that the cells function more effectively with greater proliferation of the lymphocytes. The division is achieved by incubating the lymphocytes with substances called mitogens e.g. phytohemagglutinin (PHA) and concanavalin A (Con A). On the other hand, NK cell cytotoxic activity is carried out to ascertain the effectiveness of NK cells in killing altered or damaged cells. To run this assay, effectors (immune cells) are incubated with target cells (for example tumor cells) at…

of the blood, the complex disease occurs when there is too many white blood cells present or cancer cells are in the bone marrow. Leukemia is a Greek word that is broken down into leuko which means white and haima meaning blood. Peter Cullen found incomprehensibly what was called “milky blood” early in 1811. In 1825, Alfred Velpeau discovered the symptoms of Leukemia and found pus in the blood of patients. During the 19th century, the disease was first named weisses blut meaning white blood.…

various types white blood cells called lymphocytes that fight off bacteria, reduce inflammation, and respond to allergic reactions. The white blood cells are produced in the marrow of the bones beginning as stem cells. The stem cells differentiate into white blood cells and red blood cells. The lymphatic system runs throughout the entire body alongside the circulatory system so it can exchange materials and release lymph materials back into the blood stream in order to maintain blood volume…

the leukemia progresses. In acute leukemia, the abnormal blood cells are immature blood cells called blats. They can’t carry out their normal function and they multiply rapidly, worsening the disease quickly. Chronic leukemia involves mature blood cells. They replicate or accumulate more slowly and can function normally for a period of time. There are many types of chronic leukemias. Some produce too many cells and others because too few cells to be produced. Some forms initially produce no…

with human blood. Blood is recognized as a form of connective tissue sine it contains a nonliving fluid matrix the plasma that living cells form substances are suspended. There are over one hundred different components (i.e. nutrients, hormones, gases, metabolites, waste, electrolytes, and proteins) that are dissolved/suspended in the plasma, which contains over nighty percent of water. However, the structure of plasma continually varies as cells are either added or removed to the blood. There…

acute lymphoid leukemia and acute lymphocytic leukemia, is a blood cancer that results in immature white cells in the bone marrow. It progresses rapidly and replacing the healthy white cells with immature white cells (leukemia cells). In ALL, leukemia cells are rapidly reproducing which then starts to spread to other parts of the body brain, spinal cord, liver, spleen, and lymph nodes. They are associated with producing more B cells than T cells and affects children under 15 years old and adults…

is. Stress comes from the assessment of the individual, of the event that has occurred. It is the process of judging and reacting to the threats and challenge in everyday life. When an individual is stress, the heart beats faster, muscle contract, blood pressure increases, respiration rate becomes faster, and senses are sharpened (Segal, 2015). All of these changes increase the physical strength, reaction time, and enhance focus. This is the “fight or flight” response and it is what protects the…

T cells are a type of white blood cell that is made in the bone marrow. These T cells are a part of the immune system which is meant to keep you from getting sick and helps to prevent diseases. Some people have a stronger immune system than others, and that means that they have either more white blood cells or lots of good bacteria, or both. This has been a very interesting subject for me, and I had a lot of fun researching it. Body System Most Affected The body system that is most affected by…

Leukemia is a cancer of white blood cells and the bone marrow. Leukemia can be classified as acute or chronic depending on the rate of growth. There are four types of leukemia: Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), Acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL), and Acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Treatment options are determined by the type of leukemia and the individual. Common treatment options include chemotherapy, radiation therapy and surgery. Immunotherapy, vaccine therapy,…

Leukemia Leukemia is a type of blood cancer that starts in the stem cells of the bone marrow. In leukemia, white bloods cells fail to mature properly. These immature cells continue to reproduce at a rapid rate, crowding out healthy cells and producing a host of symptoms (St.Judes). Bone marrow is a soft, spongy material that is inside most bones and it produces the blood cells for the body. Stem cells or immature blood cells develop into lymphoid stem cells or myeloid blood cells. It is a…