state while moving to its final state, the system has undergone some type of a thermodynamic process. During this process, changes in the systems pressure, temperature, volume, enthalpy, etc. can occur. It is because of the discovery of the second law of thermodynamics that we are able to classify these processes as…
Freezing point is the temperature for a particular compound where the liquid freezes to form a solid (Chemistry Dictionary). If salt is added to water, it freezes at lower temperatures. If there are fewer water molecules, then freezing occurs at a slower rate (Salt and the Freezing Point of Water). Pure water freezes at 0º Celsius, but water that is combined with salt will freeze at a temperature less than 0º Celsius (Oleson, Andrew and Daly, Terik). A solvent is something in which other things…
processes or can other people somehow benefit from the process of fracking. Fracking is also a process that can avoid a lot of the environmental laws such as the Clean Air Act and Clean Water Act, that is why many gas companies avoid lawsuits and cannot be held liable, they…
government might have to control the food and water distribution in the future. Self governance can play a huge role in this upcoming epidemic, will we decide what we are going to do about it on our own, or will we let the government control rations. The theme for this year makes me believe that we should definitely start thinking about this problem now before it sneaks up on us and we are unprepared. Personally, I would feel very uncomfortable knowing food and water are becoming limited by the…
nation, California uses more water from the ground than any other, and up to 80 percent of that water is used for agriculture. This mainly happens as a result of the depletion of the Shasta and Oroville Lakes; the federal government’s main source of water for the Central Valley. Since the drought began four years ago, the farms around the central valley have not been getting the provisions they’ve requested form the state, and as a result, have turned to pumping water out of the reservoirs in…
good stewardship of the waters we love. Choosing to be a little more forward thinking than the throwaway mindset many of us grew up in and finding the motivation and energy to make minor changes in our behaviors and ways of approaching our world can make some big differences for our Bay and Mother Earth. 1. Use your boat net to scoop trash out of the water when you see it 2. Use absorbent cloths and spill bottles when you’re fueling up to ensure none of it goes in the water. 3. When you choose…
The recent increase in injection induced seismicity is caused by a corresponding increase in wastewater disposal in the central United States. The earthquake rate increase in Oklahoma, where the vast majority of the increase has occurred (585 of 688 M ≥3 earthquakes in the central United States in 2014), corresponds to a doubling of the wastewater disposal rate in the state from 1999 to 2013 (Shultz 2014). Near the town of Prague, Oklahoma, the biggest earthquake ever recorded in Oklahoma…
The first step in establishing a decontamination area is to identify one of the four types of decontamination described in the text. First is the Emergency decontamination which involves removing the contaminant from the exposed victim (Maniscalco, P. M., Christen, H. T., & Neil, H. W., III. 2011). Mass decontaminant removing contaminant from a large amount of victims. Gross Decontaminating which is conducted by experienced trained and certified responders and last technical decontamination…
human activities that deliberately or accidentally finish into rivers and other water bodies or streams. These wastes finally reach the sea and other water bodies where aquatic life. With the increased use of plastic, the respective waste management has become a problem, since many types of plastic (unlike other wastes such as wood) are not biodegradable and, therefore, accumulate. Plastic dragged through the water is dangerous, because it represents a serious threat to fish, seabirds, marine…
Fracking is an exceptionally complicated process. To start the process, a ten thousand foot well is drilled below the surface into shale layers. Next, 1 to 8 million gallons of water mixed with chemicals are injected into the well at extremely high pressures to crack the rock. This will allow the product to flow out once the water is mostly removed. This process is highly controversial and is often the basis for political debates and arguments. There are several valid points brought forth on…