Water fluoridation

quality of water has become increasingly important in terms of not only ensuring that every individual has an adequate quality and quantity of the substance, but also for the maintenance and sustainability of the world’s natural environment (. However despite water quality remaining as an essential part of life for all living organisms, the influence of human developments involving farms and urban areas have brought a somewhat negative impact to the environment where the quality of water has…

Water is a colorless, transparent and odorless liquid that exists in all three states of matter. It plays three major roles as the: a) universal solvent, b) reactant molecule, and d) temperature stabilizer. Water is created when Hydrogen and Oxygen undergoes synthesis reaction as 2H2 + O2  2H¬2¬O. In the process, an oxygen atom is covalently bonded to the two hydrogen atoms forming a non-linear molecular shape of water. According to the Valence shell electron pair repulsion (VSEPR) theory, the…

whether a body of water is fit for consumption and all other factors concerning its physical and chemical state is known as water quality. Water (H2O) has a covalent bond as it consists of two non-metal substances (intramolecular bond). Intramolecular forces are the forces inside an individual molecule (chemical bonds) while intermolecular forces occur between molecules (physical interactions). Hydrogen can act as a metal or a non-metal and oxygens bond with hydrogen makes water special. Oxygen…

Introduction: In the past few years, temperatures around the world have increased significantly as a result of the phenomenon labelled as global warming. According to reports, the first decade of this century was the hottest ever recorded (Union of Concerned Scientists, 2016). This is happening as a result of gas emissions, as the gas that has been released into the atmosphere is storing the heat energy from the sun and therefore warming the earth itself (Wwf.org.au, 2016). The rise in…

Throughout the past couple of year New York city has experienced a foot increases in sea level as a result of the warming of sea water. It got to the point that now the water in New York is rising higher than the actual world sea level average. In order to get a better look at the rise in sea level see figure 1 at the bottom of the page. Sadly a lot of places in New York are seeing and experiencing…

of the water characteristic or more precisely one of the physical water parameters. Water temperature affects almost all other water quality parameters. It plays a key role in aquatic life and habitations. Thus, the fluctuation of temperature controls what aquatic kind will live and bloom in the water body. Water temperature can also affect “the metabolic rates and biological activity of aquatic organisms”. Therefore metabolic rates of aquatic organisms is directly proportional with the water…

reagent is made of Copper (II) sulfate ion which reduces to Copper (I) during the test. It is made by adding copper sulfate with sodium citrate and carbonate that is dissolved in 400mLs of water (Benedict’s Test). The chemical reaction within this test is…

chosen”, Hayes adds. The size of the bed should be kept in portion to the space around it. Therefore, the design of your choice decides how you will irrigate your raised bed. However, make sure that the plants you select are adapted to the climate and water in your area. Re-assure that the plants are in a mature size that is appropriate for their location in the landscape, Hayes states. Regular maintenance is key for a successful…

the energy requirements by 15 percent because there is no need for an air filtration system. As a backup for the plants – if they happen to die – the Oxygen Generation System can be used. This system separates the oxygen and hydrogen particles from water through the process of electrolysis. The oxygen produced can then be used as a backup…

Have you ever seen water come up storm drains in sunny weather in the middle of the day? Or how about 70,000,000 people being stranded on rooftops? This is a problem people are beginning to face every year because of climate change. Climate change is greenhouse gases trapped in the atmosphere, causing earth’s temperature to rise. Climate change is a huge issue because it causes many problems that destroy lands and waters, and kill animals, plants, and humans or cause them to relocate. It is so…