Viscosity

1.4.2.2 Oxidizer The oxidizer is an another basic ingredient of solid propellant which produces high energy during combustion of composite solid propellants, which can be referred to as the substance that whose function is the oxidizing materials or supply of oxygen for deflagration of a propellant. Ammonium perchlorate (AP) is the most commonly used oxidizer in solid propellant applications, which replaced Potassium Perchlorate in the late 1940’s. AP was used as an oxidizer in various types of…

consumption is higher compared to diesel [1-3]. With regard to exhaust gas emissions, some studies reported that SVOs increase the production of CO, CO2 and unburned HC emissions, while NOx is found to be reduced compared with diesel [2, 4]. The higher viscosity and low volatility of SVOs are reported to be the cause of inferior performance, thus preheating the oil before injection showed an increase in performance and emissions reduction. It has been observed that preheating increases the…

shape of bubble of the foam may be almost spherical to irregular polyhedral, based on the way in which the foam is generated and the excipients used (Nikolai et al., 2009). Other parameters include the nature and concentration of the foaming agent, viscosity of the liquid phase,…

energy to waves, denoted S_in in SWAN, is described by different authors [7,8,12]. Bottom friction (S_br) also has several different formulations: the empirical JONSWAP model of Hasselmann et al. [19], the drag law model of Collins [20] and the eddy viscosity model of Madsen et al. [21]. Energy dissipation due to depth-induced breaking (S_br) follows Battjes and Jansen [22] whereby the maximum wave height H_max in shallow water depth d is limited by the relation H_max=γd. where γ is the breaking…

The three measuring systems include the cup and bob geometry, the double gap (concentric cylinders) geometry as well as the vane geometry. The double gap geometry is normally used to measure the viscosity of dilute slurries that settle very quickly, the vane geometry is used for concentrated slurries that do not settle easily (where a value of the yield stress is usually required), for this tests the bob and cup geometry was used for measurements…

This process has several distinct advantages. Besides being easy to control the thermal and viscosity problems of the other techniques, large decreases in the molecular weight of a polymer can be made without altering the polymerization rate by using chain transfer agents. However, large increases in molecular weight can only be made by decreasing…

2.1. Host Organization Roquette is one of the world’s five leading starch manufacturing companies with 47% sales in human food nutrition, 20% in animal food nutrition, 13% in pharmaceuticals, 11% in paper and cardboard industry and 9% in chemistry and biochemistry industry. With a turnover of 3.1 billion euros as of 2014, and around 8,100 employees around Europe (5,100), America (600), Asia (1,150) and India (1,250), Roquette, has subsidiaries, agents and distributors in more than 100 countries…

excitement and anticipation. This affected in using the proper ratios, because of this when executing the procedures, it was to be expected for some issues such as putting too much of the powder or water and not getting the right result (such as the viscosity or appearance) and experiencing a few differences and having to re-adjust or redo the procedure. To prevent these errors for the next lab, I will be responsible by making sure to read the instructions and fully understand the purpose and…

ones include Crisp, Crunchy, Hard, Soft and Creamy among others 95. Hydrocolloids such as gums and stabilizers are widely used to manipulate the texture of foods by changing the viscosity 96 although fats also affect the rheological properties of foods as well 97 depending on the type and the amount of fat. Increase in viscosity can be used as tool to inhibit sedimentation in beverages. An increase in the G’ and G’’ of the ice cream mix was shown with an increase in the fat content 98. Marangoni…

Forge Lubricants Company Profile: Forge Lubricants is a manufacturer of lubricants from heavy duty diesel engine oil, marine grade engine oil, hydraulic oil, industrial grade grease to coolants and automotive diesel engine oils. All our products are directed towards fulfilling the complexities and changing needs of the forging and lubricant industries globally. We understand the dynamics of the forging and lubricant industries which has become the platform and foundation pillars of Forge…