Viscosity

The second most abundant element in the Earth’s crust other than oxygen is silicon which if by mass is around 25.7g or 23%. However in nature, silicon never exist as a free or pure element but instead it mostly combines with the most abundant element in the Earth’s crust, oxygen, hence producing silica (SiO₂) or silicate minerals. The most prominent charge of Si in the crust is +4 rather than +2 which involve a silicon atom to bond in a tetrahedral manner with 4 other oxygen atoms giving rise to…

Solids, Liquids, and Gases Solid, Liquids, and Gases are very interesting types of states of matter; however, they are distinct from one another. As already mentioned in class before, matter is everything that takes up space and its right to say that the space that is taken by matter is or a solid or a liquid or a gas. That can prove to us that this three states of matter are essential in this world we know. A solid is a sample of matter that retains its shape and density when…

Plasticizers on the Gel Viscosity, Membrane Morphology and Pore Size According to M.R. Othman [7] the result of addition of PVA in Boehmite sol during peptization on the viscosity, coating time, pore size and BET surface area is presented in Table I,II,III, and IV. PVA was prepared by dissolving 2, 4, 6 and 8g of PVA powder into 100mL de-ionized distilled water. PVA with different concentration in the sol give a of characteristics viscosity range. It was noted that the viscosity of the sol…

decreases. Experimentally it has been shown that, h=〖Cω〗^(-a) (1) Where h – Final Film Thickness, ω – Spin Speed and C & a are some constants. In this report, Polymer Concentration: The film thickness is inversely proportional to viscosity. Also viscosity is directly proportional to solute concentration. Hence, as the concentration decreases, final film thickness decreases. Concentration of solvent in overhead gas phase: Thinning of film due to evaporation depends upon the solvent…

The viscosity is a lot heavier than the diesel fuel. The viscosity of the bio oil depends on the type of feedstock being used in the production of the bio oil. The water content present is significantly larger than the other fuels which is a main drawback of the fuel. The properties such…

Molecular weight and Intrinsic viscosity The molecular weight average and intrinsic viscosity [η] of BSG and its fraction was summarized in Table 3. The Huggins and Kraemer plots of BSG and its fractions were exhibited in Fig. 1. As expected, PER-BSG and SUPER-BSG showed the highest and lowest MW, respectively.…

magma, varying in their silica content. For example, Mafic magma has a low silica content while Felsic magma has a high silica content. The amount of silica present in the magma determines its viscosity with high silica content causing a high viscosity and a low silica content produces magma with low viscosity. Volcanoes are found throughout both the North and South Islands of New Zealand although the majority are located in the North. There is a mixture of both active and dormant volcanoes.…

DISCUSSION It is clear from the very low fraction of “head-to-head” linkages that this reaction is far less energetically favorable than the “head-to-tail” reaction, which occurs normally. The head-to-tail arrangement is preferred energetically due to steric and resonance effects. When the radical attacks the fourth (double-bonded) carbon, the new radical that is produced is more stable, as it may participate in resonance with the neighboring oxygen. Conversely, when the radical attacks the…

Physics Experimental investigations Will heating honey speed up how it falls from a spoon? The speed of falling of honey from an object depends on its viscosity. Viscosity is a measure of how much a fluid resists movement of a mass through it. It is the internal friction of a substance that causes it to be thick, sticky and adhesive. Apparatus needed for this investigation is: Electronic balance 750 grams of honey (around 530 mL / 530 cm3) Thermometer Bunsen burner / other source of heat /…

 COMPOSITION OF MILK Milk is nearly complete natural food on the earth. It contains water, fat, protein, lactose and minerals as major constituents. The proportions of these constituents vary with species of the animal. For example, Mare’s milk contains only about 1.6% fat, while Reindeer’s milk contain 22.5% fat. Apart from this, the composition also varies with several other factors, viz., the breed of animal, the feeding pattern, season, lactation period, age of animal, environment, etc..…