Virology

Immanuel History Project Polio was a shocking disease in the 1960, affecting large numbers of the population. What changes has the vaccine had upon Australian society? “The highest recorded incidence of poliomyelitis in the country Australia was 39.1 per 100,000 population was in 1938”- http://www.ncirs.edu.au/immunisation/fact-sheets/polio-fact-sheet.pdf. Polio was a highly contagious virus that entered the body through the mouth. The virus spread across Australia taking the lives of many people or damaging there health since 1930. The disease originated in New England in the 1890’s then speeding to other European countries and after the war then spreading to Australia. Polio was an untreatable virus as over 75% of suffers did not show any symptoms, many alternatives were attempted to stop the contamination of the disease. As Australia did not have the medical experts or scientist to contain the virus many people were affected or even killed by the virus. The Salk vaccine was developed until the late 1950’s by an American scientist, the vaccine is now an injection that is given at a young age. In 1930 polio was a highly contagious disease that spread across the country rapidly that then lead to the loss of muscle function, breathing problems or sometimes even death. http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/155580.php, 19/05/2015. The first appearance of polio disease was in the 1890’s in New England, from there the disease spread at a rapid rate around the country then…

Dr. Jonas Edward Salk was a model global citizen because of the many things he did for the world in by helping it, but he was shaped by his parents and education. Jonas Salk was the son of Polish immigrants that moved here before he was born, on October 28, 1914. His parents were strong believers that he needed a full education before he could move on with his life. Jonas was a very bright kid and at the age of 15 he graduated from Townsend Harris High School. He then moved onto City College…

Canine Parvovirus Bleach is the new holy water according to Susan C. Kahler. The canine parvovirus is a highly contagious diseases in canines, and it can be easily killed with bleach. The virus was found fairly recently, it has a long process to get an animal sick, and it has a few symptoms with effective cures. The canine parvovirus was found not too long ago, and it has a unique structure. The virus was originally found in Europe in 1976, and then spread it undetected worldwide by…

One debate that scientists have pushed and pulled upon ever since the study of virology began, is whether or not viruses should be classified as a living organism or not. Living things are highly organized, and have may other characteristics that accompany it. The general agreement among scientists is that there are seven main characteristics of life; cellular organization, metabolism and energy use, response to stimuli, regulation and homeostasis, growth and development, evolution, and…

due to the looping hairpin structure, helicase opens up 5’ end for polymerase activity. Concatermeric genomes are formed by unidirectional, quasi-circular rolling mechanism. VP3 latches on to DNA for encapsidation. Parvoviruses integrate into cellular DNA at high frequency to establish a stable latent state, they will infect cells that replicate quickly. Finally, the assembled capsid promotes the replication shift from synthesizing duplex DNA to single negative sense strand, which will be packed…

skin cells. However, non-mammal skin cells had never been grown in a lab before. Skin is three dimensional, so the researchers took both tumor and healthy skin cells to replicate it. Turtle skin is also typically covered with everything from tiny bacteria to larger barnacles, so finding a sterile piece to grow in the lab is difficult. Eventually the skin cells were successfully grown in the laboratory. Researchers saw that the virus forms interesting sun-shaped patterns as it…

Microbiology laboratory is a branch of clinical laboratory. The main purpose of the microbiology laboratory is work to discover the reasons and causes of the diseases and treatment. Microbiology laboratory is one of important laboratory in clinical laboratory, because interested in studying infectious diseases. There are four type of microorganisms that causes infectious disease are bacteria, parasites, fungi and viruses. Microbiology laboratory has many sections and each section do many types…

Carl Zimmer is a well-known science writer who takes his readers on a guided tour of some of the wonders of the world that belong to viruses, in which scientists are increasing our understanding of life. Zimmer is the author of one of the books I choose to read, The Planet of Viruses gives a brief summary of different viruses in a fascinating way. Zimmer introduces you to the history of virology by exploring some of the common viruses such as rhinovirus, influenza, human papillomavirus (HPV),…

Dmitri Iosifovich Ivanovski (1864-1920) was a famous botanist, plant physiologist, and microbiologist (Lechevalier, 1972) who lived in Russia. He is considered one of the founders of virology. Ivanovski also did work with tobacco plants, mosaic disease, soil microbiology, and fermentation. Ivanovski’s life was very interesting. His early years were spent in a small village in Russia. In his later life he went to different universities and participated in many scientific experiments, lectures,…

What is a Virus? Virus - A virus is a tiny organism that can reproduce inside the cells of an organism. Most viruses are microscopic they are only observable through an optical microscope. Viruses can infect all types of organisms ranging from plant to animals as well as bacteria and other archaea. There are around 5000 different types of viruses described at the current time, however, it is thought that there are millions different viruses of distinct types. Viruses are seen in every…