Viral load

days researchers. Now however much more is known about what viruses are and how they work; more importantly it is known that viral agents are one of the leading causes of disease. Once it was established that they did in fact cause disease it became imperative to understand how viruses infected their hosts so that measures could be taken in order to cure and or prevent viral diseases; as knowledge of your target is pertinent in the quest for a countermeasure, a quick overview…

This was conducted on the second group of infected mice. Blood samples from the mice were taken each day. The blood was analyzed with another Surveyor assay to measure CCR5 gene disruption and then western blotting to compare HIV-1 viral RNA loads. A positive result that supports the hypothesis of the CCR5 ZFN-disruption would be bands on the Surveyor nuclease assay that travel further down the gel. This indicates that the mismatch was present and the nuclease correctly excised it from…

Being pregnant and HIV positive can be very stressful for a pregnant mother. The biggest concern for most moms is transmitting HIV to their unborn child. As nurses, it’s very important to educate patients on what to expect during, and after pregnancy. It’s also important to be aware of HIV positive mom psychosocial needs and behavior during and after her pregnancy. Being properly informed can help mom have a positive birth experience, and allows her to be involved in decision making when it…

individual exhibiting viral shedding, and an unaffected person, but can also be contracted through exposure to surfaces that contain the virus. Once HSV-1 is contracted, there is no way to eliminate the virus from the body. However,…

The growing HIV rates within MSM are so severe that studies have been conducted to explore the possible factors that are leading to the growing rates. A study conducted in Los Angeles that involved 797 MSM and MSM/W from the Sexual Acquisition and Transmission of HIV-Cooperative Agreement Program found that the reason people lack awareness “of HIV status may be due to stigma” (14). With the use of the Internalized Homonegativity index, researchers found that “anti-gay attitudes and perceptions…

post infection. The viral load at these time points are shown the Figure 1. From the figure we understand that the viral yield from the rhesus monkey cells is almost 100 fold less than the viral yield obtained from the HeLa cells proving that the viral replication is inhibited in the rhesus monkeys. Hence, rhesus monkey fibroblasts were less permissive to HSV infection than HeLa Cells. These results made the scientist ponder whether rhesus monkey TRIM5 has a role to play in the viral yield…

as an individual regardless of symptoms they may present with. There are various symptoms that a person can present with during the initial infection of HIV, however the symptoms are so miscellaneous that patients often mistake symptoms for other viral infections or bodily stress. It is important that providers keep in mind that acute HIV infection can often present much like a mononucleosis…

refers to an inflammation of the liver caused by alcohol, drugs, chemicals and autoimmune conditions, over half of cases worldwide being caused by viruses. Of the hepatitis viruses, hepatitis A is the most common and most treatable; other forms of viral hepatitis include B, C, D, E and possibly F and G. The first description of “epidemic jaundice” is attributed to Hippocrates and there are reports of outbreaks throughout history. The hepatitis A virus (HAV) is a small non-enveloped…

measured results to a wild type mice that does contain MHC class II and CD4+ cells. The study induced viral acute hepatitis in their study group by infecting the mice with Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus (LCMV) of the strain WE. Trautmann choose to use LCMV hepatitis due to it being similar to human hepatitis C virus, and because the virus causes damage from sole antiviral immune response. This type of viral infection provides a great model of showing CD8+ T cells being essential in order to…

determining HIV and those include; the ELISA test, Home Access Express Test, Viral Load Test and the Western Blot test. The ELISA test scrutinizes the enzymes that are popularly associated with immunosorbent assay, which typically are used in distinguishing the HIV infection. The Home Access Test is an in-home test that is approved by the US Food and Drug Administration, which is sold in most pharmacies. The viral load test measures the amount of HIV in the blood in which is used to monitor…