Vertebrate

Hunger has three meanings (Oxford English Dictionary 1971): the uneasy or painful sensation caused by want of food; craving appetite. the uneasy or painful sensation caused by want of food; craving appetite. Also the exhausted condition caused by want of food, the want or scarcity of food in a country, or a strong desire or craving. The world population is increasing at a tremendous amount, more than it has ever grown before, for any species of animal. However, we do not have enough food to feed…

THE CONSERVATION STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION OF NILE CROCODILES IN THE OLIFANTS RIVER: MPUMALANGA, SOUTH AFRICA OBSTRUCT The outlook for Nile Crocodiles in the Olifants River does not look optimistic since the increase in capacity of the Loskop and Flag Boshiela Dams, Crocodile population was left with no basking or nesting sites and has and has declined over the past 30 years shortly after the massingire Dam in the Mozambique filled to full capacity an estimated 160 Crocodiles died in the Olifants…

Scott Sturgeon, the author of “Philosophy: The Great Debate”, talks about philosophy and the existence of God. Sturgeon states that every culture believes in a different God. He mentions that people always believed that there is more in life than everything we see and touch. Sturgeon asked us many questions whether God exists because of a psychological defense-mechanism or because of a common experience for all humans that led them to believe in God? Sturgeon talked about Theism which means the…

A) The infection process of a vertebrate virus consists of 6 stages. Provide the name for each stage and provide details of the events that take place at each stage using Influenza virus A as the model. The 6 stages consist of: Attachment, Penetration, Uncoating, Biosynthesis, Assembly, and Release. Attachment is when the virus attaches or “locks” itself onto an acceptable cell. This occurs because a protein receptor is recognized by the virus and the virus attaches to the cell.…

Like humans the avian relies on their digestive systems to stay healthy as well as nourished. A bird can go without food for many hours because they have a digestive system that is more rapidly and proficient than many other vertebrate groups. The main sections of the avian digestive system are composed of the alimentary canal or digestive tract in addition to partner structures. We find that the ‘canal’ consist of the oral cavity, pharynx, esophagus and crop depending on the…

The practice of agriculture, since its early beginnings, has suffered from pests and diseases that cause large losses. Over the last 100 years, the hunt for an effective pesticide has become crucial for agriculture. However, the use of these pesticides have brought more harm than good. Methoxychlor is a synthetic, organochlorine pesticide developed to replace dichlorophenyltrichloroethane (DDT) in 1948. It was preferred due to its low toxicity in mammals and shorter half life than that of DDT,…

5.3 Responses to probiotic bacteria and microbiota Pathogenic bacteria are not the only bacteria that elicit immune responses in the intestine as probiotic bacteria have also been tested as a food supplement to improve fish health. Few studies have evaluated the impact and regulation of Igs after probiotic administration. Most of these studies showed an increase in IgM secretion and/or expression after probiotic administration (Picchietti et al., 2007; Sun et al., 2010). However, a…

Leonardo da Vinci Da Vinci was born April 15, 1452, in the hills of Tuscany outside the village of Anchiano. Da Vinci received a small amount of formal education beyond basic reading, writhing. and mathematics instructions when he was young. He learned metalworking, leather arts, carpentry, drawing, painting and sculpting outside his school or even from himself! Parents: Mom; Caterina (Da Vinchi I assume) Dad; Ser Piero Da Vinchi Step Mom; ????????…

An oil spill is when liquid petroleum hydrocarbon is released into the environment. Oil spills have detrimental effects on the environment and the economy. Oil spills can potentially cost billions of dollars. There are multiple ways in which oil spills can be cleaned in a safe and cost efficient way. One way is bioremediation, which is the use of microorganisms to break down pollutants. Another effective way is chemical remediation, which is the use of chemicals to extract pollutants from an…

Introduction Every summer Florida is often hit by a swarm of mosquitoes that are very irritating because of their bites, deadly diseases they may cause, and the sound they make especially during the night. On numerous occasions many of us have fallen victim to irritating and sometimes painful mosquito bites. However, in most cases we often tend to ignore these bites mainly we are not too worried about serious disease, unless one has been reported in our local area. Another reason why most people…