Vertebrate

al, 2010). Atrazine is used so frequently because it is cheap and it increases crop yield. However, it has been found that atrazine in levels even as low as 2 ppb (parts per billion) can have adverse effects on the reproductive systems of many vertebrates, which includes humans (Hayes et al, 2010). According to Hayes et al’s research (2010), 10% of male African clawed frogs that were induced with 2.5 ppb of Atrazine became females. These feminized African clawed frogs were able to become…

On basic note Presence Innate immunity is something already present in the body. Adaptive immunity is created in response to exposure to a foreign substance. Specificity Non-Specific Specific Response Fights any foreign invader and rapid Fight only specific infection and slow(1-2 wks) Potency Limited and Lower potency High potency Time span Once activated against a specific type of antigen, the immunity remains throughout the life. The span of developed immunity can be lifelong or short.…

Birds are warm-blooded vertebrate that have a body of more or less covered with feathers and has wings. Remember that not all birds can fly. Penguins and ostrich are example of birds that cannot fly. Birds build their nest at the high area to protect their eggs or babies. Many birds can be seen at daytime and there’s also birds that can be seen at night time.Here are some nocturnal birds. The barn owl is a silent hunter. Its scientific name is Tyto Alba. They chase food by flying low, examining…

Today is the best day! I went inside a giant’s respiratory system and it was awesome. I entered the respiratory system from the nasal cavity. The nasal cavity is part of the respiratory system. The nose is the primary opening for the respiratory system. Have you ever wondered how it works? The term "nasal cavity" can refer to each of the two sides of the nose or to the two sides combined. The two nasal cavities condition the air to be received by the other areas of the respiratory tract. Owing…

Background & Objectives: Arthropods have neurogenic hearts, which have pacemakers as part of the nervous system found outside the heart. Vertebrates and molluscs have myogenic hearts, where the pacemaker is composed of specialized cardiac muscle within the heart. Daphnia is unique as it is a cladoceran crustacean reported to have a myogenic heart. To test this, use drugs known to change heart rate in myogenic hearts and observe if they have the same influence on Daphnia. Methods: Used a…

The nervous system makes it possible for animals to know and react to the environment around them. A change or event that evokes a specific functional reaction in an organ or tissue is a stimulus. There can either be an internal or an external stimulus. Internal stimulus being something like hunger or pain, while external is more along the lines of a sound or an odor. The nervous system interprets stimuli and orders other organ systems to respond. The nervous system does so through using sensory…

The New York Times reported on November 1st 2015 that Washington State is tightening its restrains on Animal trafficking law condemn and criminalize the modern trade that is wiping out many threatened species. A similar law has been passed in New York and New Jersey that focuses on ivory and/or rhino horns. However this will affect people who already have antique jewelry despite the length of owning the jewelry. Others believe this law to be too strict and the actions to show proof of ownership,…

Did you know that tapeworms are one of the first recognized parasitic worms? Also did you know that people intentionally sell tapeworms for weight loss, although it’s illegal? Those are just some fun facts leading into many of the characteristics that these parasites give have. There are very many cause and effect reactions that tapeworms give off. A tapeworm is a long, flat worm that attaches itself to your cattle’s intestines. A tapeworm body consists of multiple parts, or segments, with…

choices and sorting out arrangements. The relationship between the psyche and the mind are one, yet unique. The cerebrum is the physical part of the psyche and the brain is the neurologically part of the mind. The cerebrum is the partition of the vertebrate focal sensory system that is encased inside the head, ceaseless with the spinal line, and made out of dim…

Richard Owen “What a strange man to be envious of a naturalist like myself, immeasurably his inferior!” – Charles Darwin 8th May, 1860. Richard Owen was known for many great achievements and awards in his lifetime. Richard Owen was born on July 20, 1804 in Lancaster, England. Owen was educated at Lancaster Grammar School and was apprenticed in 1820 to a group of Lancaster surgeons said by The Editors of Encyclopedia Britannica. Richard Owen was later admitted to the Royal College of Surgeons of…