Vertebra

Briefly identify and discuss bones of the appendicular and axial skeletons. • The axial skeleton consists of the following bones. The skull is made of: • There are 2 parietal bones that form the superior and lateral parts of the skull. • There are 2 temporal bones that form the inferolateral parts of the skull. • The frontal bone forms what we know as the forehead (Cancer 2016). • The occipital bone is posterior making up most of the base of the skull. • The ethmoid bone forms the anterior…

The spinal cord is ¾ of an inch wide and 42-45 centimeters in length. It extends inferiorly from the medulla oblongata to the inferior border of the L1 vertebrae. The spinal cord is divided into 5 parts that house the 31 pairs of spinal nerves. The cervical part is the superior part of the spinal cord. It contains neurons whose axons contribute to the 8 pairs of cervical spinal nerves. The thoracic part lies inferior to the cervical part. It houses the neurons for the 12 pairs of thoracic spinal…

The neck is a complex part of the human anatomy. In addition to supporting the head, it serves as a conduit of blood flow and nerve impulses between the brain and the rest of the body. In spite of this essential function, it's highly vulnerable to injury, particularly the carotid and vertebral arteries. The carotid artery is close to the surface of the neck and can be injured by blunt trauma. Both the carotid and vertebral arteries can be injured by rapid or violent motions of the neck or when…

At this very moment, there are over 5,400 species of mammals living on Earth, every one of them unlike the others. Humans, or Homo sapiens, are one of these numerous, utterly unique animals that inhabit this planet. We contain a vast amount of qualities that set us apart from all others organisms alive. One of the chief significances of these differences is the fact that humans are the only mammals that are permanently bipedal. We were not always able to walk on two legs, but thousands of years…

Cervical spondylotic myelopathy is a degenerative disease of cervical spinal. The onset is usually insidious, with long periods of fixed disability and episode of worsening of events are taking place. Concerning to the pathophysiology of cervical spondylotic myelopathy, the injuries which are frequently repeated to the spinal cord are caused by static mechanical factor, dynamic mechanical factor and spinal cord ischemia. These factors are responsible for affecting the spinal cord through…

As a freshman, in 2014, I attended the first few technique courses clueless about adapting to them and writing collegiate papers. Coming from a background of mainly jazz and tap, I knew I would face challenges while learning modern and ballet techniques. One of the many challenges I faced was learning to take advantage of my kinesphere. During each modern class, I was encouraged to dance bigger and really reach out in order for my movement to expand. Even though I found it to be a challenge, I…

-The axial skeleton consists of a the skull, hyoid bone, auditory ossicles, vertebral column (spine), sternum bone, and the ribs. -The appendicular skeleton consists of the shoulder girdles, upper limbs, pelvic girdles, and lower limbs. -Bones are living tissue that make up the skeleton. They are primarily composed of three types of tissue. These three types are compact tissue, cancellous tissue, and subchondral tissue. -Compact tissue is the outer layer of bones and is harder than the other…

Scoliosis is a condition where a child has a curve to their spine, with an unknown cause. Often times this curve is seen as an S-shape or C-shape during an examination of the spine. There are two types of scoliosis: structural and nonstructural. Structural scoliosis is a curve along the spine that affects the vertebral movement of the spine. Nonstructural scoliosis is caused by an effect, not by the spine but results from poor posture, differences in leg length, or an uneven gait. If…

involves the breaking down of the vertebra (Hockenberry & Wilson, 2015). Symptoms of this condition include lower back and lower limb pain. In fact, spondylolysis is one of the common causes of back pain in adolescents, particularly young athletes. This injury most often occurs on children and adolescents who are involved in sports that place repeated stress on the lower back. Furthermore, in some cases spondylolysis can lead to spondylolisthesis, when the vertebra begins to shift out of place…

Spondylolisthesis is a spinal injury/condition occurring in one bone, a vertebra. The condition occurs when one of the vertebra slips forward. This causes the vertebra to be out of place, and can occur anywhere on the spine. It is most commonly found in the lower, or lumbar part of the back. Spondylolisthesis is commonly found in adults rather than children because of the wear and tear on adults bodies. There are 2 main types of spondylolisthesis, degenerative and spondylolytic. Degenerative…