from the work of Claude and Warren Weaver. Shannon in 1949; this three-part model was intended to capture radio and television transmission process. The three parts are: source, channel, and receiver. Shannon and Weaver also identify another component that can interfere while listening to a telephone call that is called noise. However, this model was adapted to human communication, and it has some useful parallels to public speaking. In public speaking, the source is the person who is speaking.…
If there is any abnormalities found, alert should be given to the patients. So, the communication of WBANs with other network plays a crucial role. Power usage is the important factor in choice of wireless technology. The existing and emerging radio technologies suitable for WBANs are: UWB, ZigBee and IEEE 802.15.4, Bluetooth and a few leading competitors in WBAN markets such as Z-Wave, Zarlink, RFID, Rubee, ANT and Sensium. Based on the requirement…
Most waterproof cell phone cases are designed in a way that encloses your phone completely. However, some cases are well customized to allow you to continue using your phone while it’s in the case. Such cases are only meant to protect the phone and offer a strong grip without interfering with its accessibility. While others are simply slip-and-slide utilities, others are further advanced with extra features. These include arm bands, which make it safer for outdoor activities such as water sports…
Chapter 5 Proximity Sensor 5.1 Introduction A proximity sensors is the sensor able to detect the presence of nearby objects without any physical contact. A proximity sensors often emits an electromagnetic field or a beam of electromagnetic radiation, and looks for changes in the field or return signal. The object being sensed is often referred to as the proximity sensor's target. Different proximity sensor target demand different sensor. For examples a capacitive or photoelectric sensors…
2 OFDM SYSTEM:- OFDM system is divided into three parts 1. multi carrier modulation 2. frequency division multiplexing 3. Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing. 1.Frequency division multiplexing:- Frequency Division Multiplexing is a form of signal multiplexing which involves assigning non – overlapping frequency ranges or channels to different signals or to each user of a medium. A gap is left between each of these channels to ensure that the signal of one channel does not overlap with…
Do you know what an RFID tag does? An RFID tag is a small microchip placed into things like: supermarket items(known as the barcode), inside people, pets, computers, phones, etc. to track them down, read their data and transfer files to and from. An RFID tag is a Radio frequency identification device(Tag You're It 72). It contains radio frequency which means anyone with an RFID tag reader can receive radio waves and see whatever the RFID tag contains. Even Though RFID’s track kids and pets that…
“Diversity Techniques in Wireless Communication Systems”, Rutgers University, pp. 1-8, 2005. [12.] P. A. Anghel and M. Kaveh, “Exact Symbol Error Probability of a Cooperative Network in a Rayleigh-Fading Environment”, IEEE trans. wireless commun., vol. 3, no. 5, pp. 1416-1421, Sept. 2004. [13.] P. S. Ahmed, “Turbo Multi-Hop Relaying for Cooperative Communications”, Master Thesis, University of Southampton, September 25, 2009. [14.] S. Haykin and M. Moher, Modern Wireless…
NFC and RFID Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) is a wireless use of electromagnetic fields to transfer data, aiming to automatically identifying and tracking tags attached to objects. Near Field Communication (NFC) is one specific type of RFID, and shares many physical properties with it. The differences between NFC and RFID is that many extra properties were developed for NFC to enable secure mobile payments. 1.1. Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) RFID was first patented in…
The advantage of spread spectrum is that it can be many users use the same bandwidth at the same time without interfering with each other. However, this is not good for a few number of users because it is not economic. Spread spectrum is a form of wireless communications. The frequency of the transmitted signal is varied purposely to get a higher bandwidth. Spread spectrum uses demodulate, wideband, intercept and some signal that is hard to detect which is noise-like signal. Other than that,…
Review: Photive BTH3 Over-The-Ear Wireless Bluetooth Headphones Unique and smart designs along with a great stress on the utilization of the latest technology - that's what makes the Photive products a class apart from the rest. Photive products have been known to provide an ultimate experience in music, power for the devices as well as quality protective cases for safety and ease of portability. On January 1, 2014, Photive launched the smartly-designed wireless Bluetooth headphones - the…