Ventromedial prefrontal cortex

All my life, I’ve always wondered, why? Why do I stammer? Is it something wrong with me? I know that I was born that way because unlike many people, stammering didn’t only occur when I was stressed or in an unconformable situation. I stuttered every time I tried to speak. No matter how hard I tried to control my speech flow, I couldn’t help it. It was natural. My relatives tried to help me, to cure me fof my speech disorder but they failed. They didn’t have patience with me. They believed that…

Glucocorticoids are steroid hormones which are produced predominantly in response to stress in the adrenal gland (Davis & Sandman 2010; Korgun et al. 2012). The physiological effects of glucocorticoids occur when the hormone are bind to, and mediated by the glucocorticoid receptor (Erhuma 2012). It plays a wide range of vital physiological roles that are necessary for healthy implantation and pregnancy processes (Korgun et al. 2012). As glucocorticoids are critical in the regulation of the…

Introduction A vertebrate is characterized by the vertebral column as it is part of their axial skeleton. Its main function is to act as a communication pathway between the brain and the body of the vertebrate. Usually, vertebrates have a fixed number of vertebral column, but there are variations in the number of vertebral columns within the cetacean species. Dolphins are vertebrates and are one of the fastest swimming species due to their morphological stability. The morphology can determine…

Table 1. Structure Origin Insertion Action Deltoideus, pars clavicularis Lateral third of clavicle Deltoid tuberosity of the lateral side of the body of the humerus Flexion and medial (internal) rotation of humerus Deltoideus, pars acromialis Acromion Deltoid tuberosity of the lateral side of the body of the humerus Abduction of humerus Deltoideus, pars spinalis Scapula spine Deltoid tuberosity of the lateral side of the body of the humerus Extension and lateral rotation of humerus Supraspinatus…

Schippers, Gazzola, Goebel, and Keysers (2009) examined how different areas of the brains were activated in romantically involved couples while playing the game of charades. The study used charades to investigate the neural basis of gestural communication by having participants act out and interpret predetermined gestures while their brain activity was being recorded inside of an fMRI machine. Data gathered from the fMRI showed that during production of gestures, the putative motor neuron system…

television can help with some lingual and visual development, children twenty-four months and younger do not receive any benefit from screen time through television. Television causes structural damage to their brain in the frontal lobe, cerebral cortex, and many other parts preventing them from becoming well developed and capable adults. As well as brain damage it also causes behavioral problems and lifestyle changes. Therefore, children under two years old should not exposed to screen time at…

Glutamate affects memory, and this is linked to when binge drinkers “black out” and forget events that happened during the night that they were drinking. Alcohol also affects the cerebellum and cerebral cortex. When the cerebellum is affected by alcohol, it harder to balance. The cerebellum cortex is what contains the ability to think and interact, so when it is affected by alcohol it is harder to remember, learn and interact with others (U.S National Library of…

The human brain is an incredible organ. There are many complex chemical and electrical processes that automatically happen within our brain that we do not even realize. Our brains give us the ability to completely function, to see, speak, and even move. It is also responsible for our decisions and emotions. Now imagine losing everything you have spent years retaining in your memory and not even know it. Have you ever walked into a room and completely forgot why you walked into that room to…

We have discussed materialism at length. For the purpose of this essay, I will first give a quick overview of what materialism is. I will then discuss an objection made by Searle in his “The Chinese Room”. I will then discuss how a materialist might answer this objection. I will conclude with whether or not this answer was satisfactory or not. Materialism is, in essence, the idea that matter is what makes a human being what they are. There is nothing more than matter and physical…

neurons and eye muscles while the balance system contains semicircular canals, otolith organs, vestibular nerves and nuclei. The proprioceptors include the spinal cord, muscles, and joints in the body while the brain contains the cerebellum and cerebral cortex. All these components work together to maintain the human sense of balance in all individuals. When there is disconnect in any of these systems the patient can…