Ventilator-associated pneumonia

walks in her neighborhood to help expand her lungs and improve her exercise tolerance and in long run reduce her weight. It may also provide an opportunity for her to socialize with her neighbors and probably make some friends. She needs a flu and pneumonia vaccine,…

Patient, a 71-year-old, retired truck driver, presented to Prince of Wales Hospital (POWH) due to an exacerbation of COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) of 2 days presenting as dyspnea on the background of 5-year history of COPD with 1 or 2 exacerbations a year, previous peripheral venous insufficiency with ulcers, previous solitary pulmonary nodule and an ex-smoker with 100 pack-year history. Initial examination presented with respiratory rate of 22 breaths/minute, oxygen saturation of…

Some people resort to smoking to reduce their stress, but what they don’t know is what kind of health issues will come up while they are smoking. Smoking has a rich history behind it and how it came about in 1612 when the settlers came to Jamestown. Native American’s, however, did smoke tobacco but only for religious and medical purposes. Nowadays, smoking is an everyday thing for some people. Eventually this will lead to either dangerous medical issues or even simple as asthma, but their lungs…

Introduction: Klebsiella pneumoniae is a part of the family Enterobacteriaceae. This genus is a gram negative and it has no flagella, which meant that this bacterium is not motile. However, it can move with the use of the current that is produced by the water. This bacterium has the ability to cause destructive change in a man or animals lungs if aspirated. In addition, this is also one of the most contacted pathogen in a Hospital Acquired Infection (HAI) or nosocomial infection. In this…

diarrhea, fever and abdominal cramps. The discovery of C. difficile was John Bartlett, he began trials investigating the problem of antibiotic-associated diarrhea and pseudomembranous (a layer which resembles a membrane, especially one forming over a mucosal surface) the discovery of Clostridium difficile and he identified it as the leading cause of hospital-associated infections. The prognosis for C. difficile is being able to recover even without treatment and if not it is perforation…

The resonatory system includes the nasal cavity and soft palate and portions of the anatomically defined respiratory and digestive systems. (Seikel, King, & Drumright, 2010). One disorder that may affect a person’s ability to use the resonatory system to produce sufficient speech is velopharyngeal insufficiency, or VPI. This is a disorder which results in the improper closure of the velopharyngeal sphincter (soft palate muscle in the mouth) during speech, allowing air to escape through the nose…

It test how well you inhale and exhale, and it also test how much air your lungs take in with each breath. To perform this test, an instrument called a spirometer is used which measures the volume of air moving in and out of the lungs during pulmonary ventilation. When given this test a person can be standing up or sitting down but whichever one that person must remain in that position throughout the whole test. The person cannot change positions because that will mess of the results from the…

Background Strongyloides stercoralis is a soil-transmitted helminth that penetrates the skin as a method of infection. This parasitic worm gains nutrients and shelter from its host, while causing malnourishment or harm to the diseased. The infective filariform penetrates the skin from infected soil and migrates to the lungs through the blood stream. In order to mature the filariform larvae are coughed up and swallowed to develop into adults in the intestines. The diagnostic stage is the…

Patient bed side spirometry conducted in 2016 reveals a combined obstructive and restrictive of the respiratory tract. In addition of those symptoms patient was also in mild protein caloric malnutrition. Given that the patient has hospital acquired pneumonia in the past, the emergency room physician decided to admit him to be able to monitor his bronchiectasis exacerbations, to continue nebulizer treatment, to perform some sputum culture, to refer him to a nutritionist and perform HRCT…

Mandatory vaccination is effective in increasing the overall participation of medical workers in receiving vaccines compared to systems without mandated vaccinations. Non-mandatory health care services in Australia during 2013, had only 56% of their health care workers vaccinated against influenza. (Heinrich-Morrison, McLellan, McGinnes, Carroll, Watson, Bass, Cheng, 2015). However, the healthcare worker influenza vaccination program located in the National Institutes of Health Clinical Center…