Vasopressin

Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus (NDI) Case Study Epidemiology and Mechanisms of the disease The Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus is firstly a rare disease to get or it can be inherited and the rate of getting it is 1 in 20 million which shows how rare this condition is. The cause is that the body has low levels of Arginine Vasopressin (AVP) and Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) which then cause the kidneys unable to concentrate the urine which is called polyuria which leads to excessive amount of urine being produced which leads to polydipsia. So when fluid levels intake is very low the ADH levels increases which make the kidney produce less urine and then when the fluid intake is very high the ADH decreases and ends up making the kidneys produce more urine. But they are many ways which you can be diagnosed with NDI such as being inherited with them which is mostly caused by genetic mutations (AQP2 gene) in the family genes and result in interference with the…

The famous discussion of nature vs. nurture was somewhat interrupted by the realization that both aspects, genetics and environment, have important input in individuals. By combining the studies of genetics and psychology it is possible to correlate results from the fields and search for possible, and hopefully specific, genes involved in the expression of certain traits. For instance, Poulin et al (2011) explored the relationship between receptor genes of oxytocin and vasopressin and prediction…

Diabetes insipidus (DI) is an uncommon disease that has the characteristic feature that an individual’s kidneys are passing an irregular volume of dilute urine that is insipid (without flavor). In 1794, Johann Peter Frank described the abnormal production of urine that was neither sweet nor linked to kidney disease (J.P. Frank et al., 1842). The discovery by Frank clarified the difference between diabetes insipidus and diabetes mellitus (high levels of sugar in the blood and urine), which at…

The raw data of urine osmolarity did not appear to be very different between the control and experimental group, which should have been assumed. Once the sample was subtracted from the baseline for each day, there was a way to compare the control days to the experimental days while accounting for daily fluctuations of urine osmolarity. The asparagus treatment did result in a much smaller difference between the baseline and sample collections (Figure 1.), even though this finding was not…

Hannah Len Mrs.Scribner Lcc Afternoon March 28 2017 Hannah Len Mrs. Scribner Lcc Afternoon March 28 2017 Hypopituitarism verses Hyperpituitarism Hypopituitarism is a rare disorder in both males and females where your pituitary gland has either failed to produce one or more of its hormones or isn’t producing enough. The pituitary gland is a small jelly bean shaped gland situated at the base of your brain, behind your nose and between your ears. While this is here it is…

Discussion The results of this experiment for the hypotonic treatment group did support the tested hypothesis that urine production rate should increase, while salt concentration and specific gravity of urine should decrease for this group. For the isotonic treatment group, the tested hypothesis was supported in that the specific gravity and salt concentration went up slightly, but was not supported in that the the urine production rate did not greatly increase over time. The findings for the…

1. In SIADH, high ADH levels interfere with renal free water clearance, leading to hyponatremia and hypoosmolality. SIADH secretion is associated with certain forms of cancer, apparently because of ectopic secretion of ADH by tumor cells. (McCance & Huether, 2014). SIADH makes it difficult for your body to get rid of excess water. This causes a buildup of fluids as well as abnormally low sodium levels, a condition known as hyponatremia. In addition to making it harder for your body to release…

Within mammals vasopressin has been found…

is an umbrella term, involves maternal and paternal care, social recognition, adult affiliation such as pair bonding and social bonding, and empathy and trust between people. Various literature has examined the roles of oxytocin and vasopressin in supporting prosocial behaviours. Oxytocin (OT), a nonapeptide hormone regulated by estrogen, is especially relevant to females and is crucial to lactation and parturition (Campbell, 2008). Vasopressin (VP), on the other hand, is more relevant to males…

Arginine vasopressin (AVP) maintains osmolality by regulating water reabsorption in the principal cells of the kidneys’ renal collecting duct. AVP is synthesized in the hypothalamus and released by the neurohypophysis. AVP binds to the G-protein couple receptor, arginine vasopressin receptor type 2 (AVPR2), in the basolateral membrane of the kidneys. This leads to transport of aquaporin water channels (AQP2) to the apical membrane of the collecting duct principal cells. Water permeability is…