Vasoconstriction

Local anesthesia is vital to the dental profession because of its benefit to patients and the dental team. In today’s dentistry patient comfort is extremely important along with making sure that the standard of care is met. Without the use of local anesthetic patients would be in excruciating pain during dental procedures. More difficult procedures may not even be able to be done because of the level of pain it would cause. Because many people fear the dentist and pain in general, without local…

within a 24 hour period (Genzler el al., 2013). Nursing interventions that were consider were: assessment, administration of medication, suctioning, repositioning, hygine, oral care, bath, shampoo, shave, incontinence care, wound cate, ROM, linen change, weight, application of splints or binders and others. To collect the ETCO2 data a noninvasive Infinity Microstream pod with Oridion’s Microstream technology was used (Genzler el al., 2013). The ETCO2 values were collected 5 minutes before the…

blocking pain pathways in the brain.36 These medications are known as triptans and target the chemical serotonin. Not only are fluctuating serotonin levels linked to causing migraines, but they are also important in the maintenance of extracranial vasoconstriction.37, 38 These drugs include: sumatriptan, zolmitriptan, almotriptan, rizatriptan, frovatriptan, naratriptan and eletriptan. Furthermore, a combination tablet of sumatriptan and naproxen…

Epidural blood patch has remained the gold standard of treatment, while including other modalities like hydration, use of abdominal binder, caffeine and desmopressin. Sumatriptan, a 5-hydroxytryptamine-1D receptor (5HT1D) agonist causing cerebral vasoconstriction, used in management of migraine, could have a role in the treatment of PDPH. Its use has been limited to case reports, with variable results. We present two cases at our institute where use of Sumatriptan was beneficial in the…

prolonged periods of heat loss. During prolonged extreme cold temperature exposure, the body starts to shiver as a protective response in order to produce heat through muscle activity. Another heat-preserving response done by the body is called vasoconstriction; the blood vessels temporarily…

Cardiac work in the isolated heart from normal rats following acute MI Juea Park INTRODUCTION The heart is a muscular oragn which has to perform work to eject blood for the right and left entricles. Two laws govern the relationship between ventricular volume and cardiac pump performance. The first, the law of Laplace, is a low stating that when the ventricle dilates, the wall stress needed to achieve a give intraventricular pressure is increased. The second,…

During exercise, energy demands increase readily. Heart rate and blood pressure increase to pump blood throughout the body, providing ample amounts of oxygen to the muscle cells. As workload increases, the demand for oxygen increases. As a result, the body becomes depleted of most of its oxygen and energy capacity post-exercise. Muscle oxygenation is needed to increase after exercise to replenish energy loses and to repair the damaged muscle tissues. Glycolysis, the metabolic process of…

Cognitive reappraisal is a technique in which individuals reevaluate a situation to determine whether their psychological resources meet the demands of the situation. The idea of cognitive reappraisal comes from the biopsychosocial model of challenge and threat (Blascovich, 2008). With this model, Seery (2011) states that individuals who perceive a situation as challenging believe their psychological resources meet or exceed those required to complete the task. Conversely, threat is…

use of low dose epinephrine over high dose except in certain conditions such as  blocker overdose (Link, 2015). Epinephrine has been used for over 100 years as an adjunct to cause α adrenergic effects including smooth muscle contraction and vasoconstriction. Epinephrine also has  adrenergic effects leading to positive chronotropic and…

Five hormones regulate tubular reabsorption and tubular secretion. Angiotensin II has three main methods affecting on renal physiology. First, it decreases GFR by causing vasoconstriction of the afferent arterioles. Second, it enhances reabsorption of Na+, CL-, and water in the proximal convoluted tubule by stimulating the activity of Na+/H+ antiporters. Last, it stimulates the adrenal cortex to release aldosterone, a hormone that in turn stimulates principal cells in the collecting ducts to…