Vancomycin

Healthcare-associated infections (HAI) cause an estimated 1.7 million infections and 99,000 deaths annually in the United States costing us approximately $17-29 billion a year (Center for Disease Control, n.d). HAIs can lead to increased hospitals stays, increased use of diagnostic tests, treatment and antibiotics. The Joint Commission added the reduction of Central Line Associated Blood Stream Infections (CLABSI), reduction of Surgical Site Infections (SSI) and the reduction, incidence and…

related to age and co morbidities than the presence of the multiresistant organism per se. So the panel unanimously decided not include HCAP in the HAP/VAP guideline update this year. Use of antibiogram: The guideline also urges that every hospital and ICU has their own antibiogram tailored to their HAP/VAP population if possible. This was based on their evaluation of some observational studies one of them was done with 229 patients at 4 different institutions which showed the variation in…

The 20th century saw a series of remarkable discoveries that changed the face of medical practice. Among the most important was the discovery of antimicrobial agents, beginning with the synthesis of arsphenamine by Paul Ehrlich as the century dawned [1]. With this discovery, the dreaded scourge of syphilis was brought under control, although not eradicated. However, the toxicity of the drug made it less than ideal as an antimicrobial agent. Shortly thereafter, optochin (ethyl cupreine) was tried…

90% of patients in the ICU received antibiotics. The most common antimicrobial used were β lactam- β lactamase inhibitor, aminoglycoside, fluoroquinolones and carbapenems. Staphylococci were methicillin-resistant (MRSA), Enterococcus strains were vancomycin-resistant, Acinetobacter calcoaceticus-baumannii complex, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumonia were…

Listeriosis is predominantly a food-borne illness caused by the ubiquitous Gram-positive bacterium Listeria monocytogenes, initially recognized as a foodborne pathogen in the early 1980s. People most prone to the disease are pregnant women, newborns, elderly, and those with HIV or other diseases that compromise immunity. Listeria infections are associated with a high mortality rate, thus effective treatment and prevention are essential. Antimicrobial therapy Successful treatment of…

An infection happens when a foreign organism attacks a human body. There are different types of organisms that can cause us harm, for example; Viruses, Bacteria and Fungi. Not all infections are the same; some are mild while some can end up being life threatening. Also, infections can be contagious; they can be transmitted by a variety of ways, for example; skin contact, airborne particles, touching an object that an infected person has touched. One of the very common and effective ways to…

Silver Silver nanoparticles have inhibitory activity against Gram positive bacteria and Gram negative bacteria as well. Several experiments conducted against E.coli, B. subtilis, SS. aureus, methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci, vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium, ESBL-positive K pneumonia, S. typhi, V cholera to analyse the inhibitory effects of silver nanoparticles.The antibacterial activity are related to the total surface area of the nanoparticles. Larger surface…

Dr. Best teaching method included clinical scenarios and I shared clinical perspective of administration of Vancomycin and important nursing consideration with patients taking this medication. The trough level are drawn and monitor to make adjustments to medication. Teaching strategies used were writing on the white board and critical thinking scenarios. Disseminating knowledge on Vancomycin in the classroom setting was a great teaching and learning experience. Dr. Best and I discussed…

the lab by conventional test. The results are the same as what I received in lab with the addition on being gram-positive, nonmotile, lysozyme-sensitive, and a positive esculin hydrolysis. Kocuria rosea is sensitive to penicillin, erythromycin, vancomycin and…

P1 had clear lung sound in all lobes and normal heart sound on auscultation; regular apical, radial, and pedal pulses; capillary refill was less than 3 minutes, +1 pitting edema in his lower extremities, skin was warm to touch. The patient exhibited poor skin turgor due to limited fluid intake. The pt. had ecchymosis on his upper extremities due to multiple IV lines insertion and erythema on his sacral area due to limited ambulation. Due to pt.’s history of acute-on-chronic renal failure, his…