Valvular heart disease

Heart disease hospitalization increased from 56.5 per 100,000 people in 1985 to 109.4 per 100,000 people in 1994 to 618.5 per 100,000 people in 2003. This trend is similar to those of cancer and diabetic patients. Cancer rates have increased from 34.7 per 100,000 people in 1994 to 124.4 per 100,000 people in 2006 (World Bank, 2014).The DALY for communicable, maternal, and perinatal conditions is HIV/AIDS, non-communicable is Ischemic heart disease, and injury is road injuries…

Ischemic heart disease: Ischemic heart disease is the leading cause of death for people over the age of 65 years old and is one of the most common forms of heart disease. It is a disease caused by narrowed heart arteries. When the heart is narrowed it results in less blood and oxygen that can reach the heart muscle, which can lead to heart attack. Based on your medial and family history, physical exam, and test results from procedures can determine whether you have ischemic heart disease. The…

The heart is considered the “engine of life” through its ability to rhythmically pump oxygen rich blood throughout the body to supply life. Unfortunately, this vital organ is vulnerable to damage through actions of everyday life ranging from smoking, diet, physical inactivity, and consumption of alcohol. Damage to the heart results in heart disease, also known as cardiovascular disease. Because of the vast complexity of the heart, heart disease branches off into various categories including…

The patient with systolic heart failure, or systolic ventricular dysfunction, would present to the clinic with very different symptoms from the patient with diastolic heart failure. In systolic heart failure, the heart is incapable of producing enough cardiac output to supply vital tissues. Because of this insufficiency, the hard must work harder to provide adequate blood supply to its vital organs and tissues. Cardiac output is determined by heart rate, how fast the heart is beating, and…

is due to inefficient cycle of blood resulting in abnormal heart sound or heart murmur. Mitral valve of the left side is misshape and less flexible. Mitral valve has a leakage and allows blood to backflow into the atrium when ventricle contracted. This condition can be the result of valvular insufficiency. This occurs when one of the heart valve leaks because the cusps do not close tightly enough. It can caused by inflammation in the heart…

with onset of dyspnea that is made worse by exertion, relieved by rest and oxygen. Patient stated that he did not try any of his home breathing treatments but did use home oxygen. Patient has a significant past medical history of coronary artery disease with two stents, COPD requiring home oxygen at 4lpm, hypothyroidism, and type 3 diabetes. While in the emergency department the patient was placed on a cardiac monitor and an EKG was performed along with a chest x-ray. The chest x-ray showed…

kidney into one and a pig kidney into the other. Both patients died. One of the limitations then, opposed to now was the lack of suitable organ donors. They were limited to using animal organs or organs from long deceased humans. The pioneer of cardiac/heart transplantation was an American surgeon named Norman Shumway. The modern immunosuppressive era came from the discovery of the immunosuppressant effects of cyclosporine in the mid-1700s. Cyclosporine is a drug with immunosuppressive…

menopause • Family history/genetics • Prior stroke or TIA • Smoking, heavy alcohol use, substance abuse (cocaine, amphetamines) • Diabetes mellitus, obesity, metabolic syndrome, impaired glucose tolerance • Hypertension, atrial fibrillation, valvular heart disease, severe carotid artery stenosis • Hypercoagulable states (including use of OCP), pregnancy and postpartum states Etiology •…

The heart is the strongest and the most imperative organ in the human body. This remarkable machine keeps us alive from day to day. It is vital that we take care of our bodies so we can live a long healthy life. Even if we take care of ourselves through proper nutrition and daily exercise problems can occur which we are not at fault. Mitral valve prolapse is a condition that the cause is still unknown. Scientists believe it may be hereditary and people can be born with it, but never experience…

Congestive heart failure (CHF) is a clinical syndrome in which the pumping action of the heart becomes less powerful and fluid builds up forcing it into the lungs causing pulmonary edema or causing edema in the peripheral vascular system. CHF is used interchangeably with Heart failure (HF). HF is characterized by myocardial dysfunction, which is an alteration in ventricular contraction. Myocardial dysfunction can be caused by a result of many different conditions such as coronary artery disease,…