Valves

MITRAL STENOSIS Mitral stenosis is the narrowing of inlet valve into the left ventricle leading to an obstruction of inflow of blood from left atrium to the left ventricle during diastole. HEMODYNAMICS: Fibrosis of mitral ring, commissural adhesions and contracture of valve leaflets result in mitral stenosis. Due to the obstruction caused by the mitral stenosis left atrial pressure increases, which results in hypertrophy of left atrium. Increased left atrial pressurein turn increases pulmonary…

Congested Heart Failure, often referred to as CHF, is when the hearts output pressure is weaker than normal. This will cause the blood to have a decreased pressure circulating the body, but the internal pressure within the heart will increase. As a result the heart cannot keep up with supplying the body enough oxygen and nutrients that it depends on. So the chambers of the heart will stretch due to the increase in pressure to try and hold more blood to pump through the body or may become stiff…

as it travels to the right atrium. Then, from the lungs there are pulmonary veins that brings poor oxygenated blood to left atrium. Also our heart composed of valve called pulmonary valve to prevent our blood to flow back to our right ventricle as if went after it arrives from our pulmonary artery. There is another valve called tricuspid valve that prevents the poor oxygenated blood to flow back into our right atrium. The inferior vena cava is the part of our heart that brings poor oxygenated…

though I was inadequately prepared for the task. I lacked the proper diagnostic tools and knowledge to properly diagnose the problem that was troubling the vehicle. I needed compression gauges, cylinder leaked down tester, digital multimeter (DMM), valve train compression tools, micrometers, and feeler gauges just to name a few tools. Once I began conducting diagnosis of the vehicle I realized I would need some of these tools early on. First I began to rule out common issues to the cylinder…

biofilm is a thin coating of organic as well as inorganic matter that contains bacteria that have fused together and permanently anchored themselves to an object or body surface in contact with water. Bacterial biofilms commonly form on teeth, heart valves, urinary tracts, and even the inner lining of…

The case study precise minute ventilation delivery using a bag-valve mask and audible feedback shows that hyperventilation is a very common occurrence in in-hospital and out of hospital surroundings. This problem still occurs when the bag-valve mask (BVM) is still applied, the bag-valve mask or any CPR mask for that matter is a vital tool in the emergency department. The bag-valve mask was firstly introduced into the market in 1955 and over the years there have been very…

It jets out the aerosol paint and directs patterning air to the aerosol paint stream to shape it as desired. Aerosol spray gun has throttle valve, an air duct and coupling link.The throttle valve has an internal air duct for supplying pressurized air to a patterning air outlet thathelpsspray to jet out from the aerosol spray gun. The moveable valve in spray gun overcomes the technical issues that were present in prior spray…

sound of the closing of the aortic and pulmonary vales, occurring during ventricular systole. Abnormal- Heart murmurs are extraneous heart sounds due to the turbulent flow of blood going backwards through the valves when they do not close tightly (regurgitation) or forwards through the valves that do not open completely (stenosis). The Role of autonomic NS on heart rate The heart is controlled by two branches of the autonomic nervous system. • The sympathetic nervous system (SNS) • The…

Water Hammer | Plumbing Sugar Land Water hammer’s proper term is hydraulic shock. It occurs when a faucet or other valve is shut off quickly, causing a sudden stop in the water flow, and resulting in the loud banging characteristic of water hammer in the home’s plumbing in Sugar Land. When water hammer occurs, extreme stress is placed on the pipes, and damage can occur. In addition, the occurrence indicates there is a problem in the plumbing system, and shouldn’t be ignored. When your pipes are…

The Human Heart: A General Description The heart is the main organ of the cardiovascular system in the human body. Its primary function is to pump oxygen- and nutrient-rich blood throughout the 60,000 miles of blood vessels that make up this system ("Heart, 2015"). About the size of a clenched fist, the heart is located in the middle of the chest, between the lungs and nestled behind the ribcage. It lies a little to the left of the sternum. The shape of the heart is reminiscent of an upside…