Utterance

A central notion is 'stratification', such that language is analysed in terms of four strata: Context, Semantics, Lexico-Grammar and Phonology-Graphology. Context concerns the Field (what is going on), Tenor (the social roles and relationships between the participants), and the Mode (aspects of the channel of communication, e.g., monologic/dialogic, spoken/written, +/- visual-contact, etc.). Systemic semantics includes what is usually called 'pragmatics'. Semantics is divided into three…

The question of would you, as a social scientist, predict that the discrepancy between the 1% and a 99% is going to get worse over time is indeed a challenging and thought provoking question. Many of us trying to answer this question, tend to focus on salary. However, wages only make up a portion of the income of the upper echelon, particularly the mega-rich. Much of their income comes from capital gains on stocks and real estate or from the sale of businesses. Given that the 99% are focused on…

In the environment like ours, diversity in every aspect of life conclusively cannot be avoided. Moreover, we live in a country where so many variably cultures lying on. Wherever we are, like or dislikes, differences in culture is always around us. Cultural diversity refers to a situation in which the variety of human societies and social aspect lie in a specific region, or in the whole world. As well as more obvious of the cultural differences arise among people, such as language, clothing,…

Language vs Dialect vs Accent • Language is a collection of dialects that are usually linguistically similar used by different social groups who choose to say that they are speakers of one language which functions to unite & represent them to other groups. • Dialect deals with vocabulary, grammar, phonology, pronunciation, etc. • Accent deals with pronunciation and phonology • Regional variation 1. A variety of a language spoken by a particular group based on region (caused by geographical…

A discourse analysis was conducted on behavior between patrol officers and motorists. When motorist were asked to pull over for traffic violations, their reactions vary, such as the usage of sympathy, justification, mitigations, ignorance, and remorse. In addition, it was noted that police officers tend to depersonalize their personal discretion to the responsibility of the police hierarchical bureaucracy, in order to avoid negative social sanctions from the public. In past studies, the…

Both dimension and abstraction are common features that characters portray in their world of interaction. Characters are forced to assimilate new ways of life in order to match with their immediate surroundings while others are resistant to such changes. In East goes West, several attempts are being made to form relationships. Evidently, some of the relationships work successfully while others are not. This nature of things brings about ambivalence in the lives of characters, which leads to…

The Greek term Logos has a wide scope of understanding. It can symbolize divinity ranging from simple utterances to large scale events (Harris, 2014, pg.231). On the other spectrum it can represent the cosmic Reason that controls the universe. In John the Word is viewed as divine Wisdom, and cosmic Reason. Christ in pre-human form was what was used to form heaven and earth. In John the Word became flesh and begin to live amongst the people of earth. This can be seen when describing the account…

One of the hottest debates between Deaf and Hearing culture lies in the question, “Should I give my deaf child a cochlear implant?” People of the Deaf culture often fear that use of cochlear implants will eliminate their culture. Yet, a hearing person may believe it will allow their child to participate in mainstream schooling and activities. Some hearing people may not want to learn sign language in order to communicate with their deaf child. As about 90% of hearing parents cannot effectively…

sorry? Pardon? Actual Message: This is the core message in the utterance for the listener (Dornyei and Thurrell 1994:45). The function is the purpose for the interaction within a given situation. Guntermann and Phillips (1982:5) define functions as the hundreds of purposes for which people communicate. • Language functions…

Religious ecstasy is a often considered a controversial topic, even in religious circles. This paper outlines the two ritual practices, the Toronto Blessing and wajd, by which participants achieve religious ecstasy. Believers claim the Toronto Blessing outpouring of the Holy Spirit. It first occurred at the Toronto Airport Vineyard church on January 20th, 1994. Its roots lie in the Pentecostal and charismatic movements of the 20th century. Wajd is a term for a particular outcome, ecstatic trance…