User Datagram Protocol

Global warming has become an increasingly popular topic for discussion among economists because of the human activity that is contributing to the rising pollution in today’s society. Economists such as William Nordhaus in his article, “After Kyoto: Alternative Mechanism to Control Global Warming,” have argued that a carbon tax is the most efficient form of action to reduce carbon emissions. On the other hand, other economists such as Robert Stavins argues in his article, “Addressing Climate…

Climate change is a series of phonemes ranging from rising sea levels, shrinking mountain glaciers to global warming. In the past, the government of Canada developed plans to meet Kyoto targets, and the plan included mandatory emission reduction for factories and raise funds to invest in projections that could effectively reduce greenhouse gas emissions. However, the government of Cananda Canada’s current plan to reduce greenhouse gases is insufficient. The report from Environment Canada…

The first step in evaluating the quality of Goal 13 's targets is determining if they are each individually measurable. The resilience that is to be measured in Target 13.1 can be broken down into ecological and human resilience to extreme events. The former may be measured by observing the diversity of a natural system (Gunderson, 2010) while human resilience can be measured based on the loss of lives after an extreme event. The policies that are mentioned in Target 13.2 may be measured by…

Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) since 1995. The Kyoto Protocol was adopted in 1997, in which 36 industrialized countries (called the Annex B countries) committed collectively to reduce emissions of six main GHG by an average of 5% against the 1990 levels during the First Commitment Period of 2008 to 2012. Fifteen European Union countries committed to reduce emissions by 8%; the United States committed to a 7% reduction. Some…

The IAB, or Internet Architecture Board, is a group of appointed group leaders and volunteers who all come together to create and fine tune ideas that could be put in place to help manage Internet protocols and oversee those protocols and procedures. Since the board has more volunteers than actual nominated members, the group is made up of people with a general knowledge of the Internet and its functions rather than people who specialize in the knowledge. According to its own page, www.iab.org,…

Canada became the leading nation to withdraw from the Kyoto Protocol in December 2011. Canadian government 's choice to discontinue its international commitment to the Kyoto Protocol will negatively impact Canada in the long term. Despite the many issues the Kyoto protocol has, it was the first serious step towards slowing global warming and was leading to progressive action on climate change.(source 1) Leaving the Protocol altogether was not the answer, Canada should have pushed through and if…

"safe", by being able to hide their internet protocol. The authorities like the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) are trying to minimize the quantity and quality of users on the dark net. Headline from The Intercept: "FBI Director Claims Tor and the 'Dark Web ' Won 't Let Criminals Hide From His Agents" proves that the FBI can…

The Design Philosophy of the DARPA Internet Protocols The internet has evolved into something the creators couldn 't imagine. It has proven to be one of the most used tools today. Internet protocols, such as TCP/IP are old protocols but are still used in present day. These protocols were designed by the military. They are used by the military and commercial systems. The question is why the protocols were designed in this way. These paper explains why they were designed this way and listing the…

reductions (Background on the UNCCC, 2014). The Kyoto Protocol only applies to first world countries, as they have released the utmost amounts of gases into the air (Background on the UNCCC, 2014). Furthermore, the notion of “common but differentiated responsibilities” states that all countries are supposed to be addressing climate change although; they aren’t all equally liable (Making those first steps count: An Introduction to the Kyoto Protocol,…

The US asserted itself as one of the largest economic and military powers by refusing the Kyoto Protocol without fear of sanction from other states. While the Protocol was eventually ratified after Russia’s agreement in 2005, a neorealist would argue that the concessions given to other members to continue their involvement damaged the Protocol’s ability to bring about change. Neoliberal…