Urine

within the gastrointestinal tract. After stool is passed, some microorganisms continue to linger around the anus. Sometimes these bacteria make it to the bladder by passing through the urethra. Because they tend to thrive in the environment created by urine, it is not unusual for them to multiply quickly and cause an infection as they sit in the bladder. Less commonly, the condition can also be caused by exposure to certain chemicals or radiotherapy. Cystitis occurs far more frequently in women…

for laboratory exams that include a urinalysis as well as urea and electrolytes blood test. Learn more about these tests and how they can help evaluate your kidney function. Part 1: Urea and Electrolytes Blood Test, Why Is It Important? Blood and urine tests are among the most commonly requested laboratory tests. These tests provide useful information about many aspects of your health. To understand why a urea and electrolytes blood test is important, it is best to know the basics of kidney…

Escherichia coli and Me The disease/infection that I have chosen is the urinary tract infection, commonly known as the UTI. Depending on where the infection occurs, there are two specific names. If the infection occurs in the lower part, like in your bladder, it is called Cystitis. If the infection travels up towards your kidneys, it is called Pyelonephritis (Umm/Health). The microbe that causes this infection is Escherichia coli, more commonly known as E. coli. It is found commonly in…

minus the cells and proteins. In general, only about 20% of the plasma volume that passes through the glomerulus is filtered. The filtrate then continues through the nephron where it can be reabsorbed or secreted and eventually becoming removed as urine in micturition. Overall, about 180 liters of fluid is filtered by the kidneys every day. Absorption in the kidney is the reclamation of goods such as water and small molecules (glucose, AAs, water, salt) from the filtrate into the blood in the…

not cause any symptom. Kidney stones that remain inside the body can also lead to many complications later, signs and symptoms of the stone disease consist of intense cramping pain, pain in the back side, blood in urine, urinary tract disease, urinary tract infections, obstruction of urine flow, and expansion of the kidney. These conditions may result in nausea and vomiting with associated suffering from the renal stone problem (Alelign and Petros,…

Urinary Tract Infections, or UTIs, effect many people at least once during their lifetime; however, UTIs primarily effect women. To begin, a Urinary Tract Infection is an infection of the urethra, bladder, or kidneys and can be caused by several different types of bacteria, by far the most common being Escherichia coli, or in other terms E. coli (Djordjevic). More times than not, the E. coli bacteria is able to get to the urethra from the anus through poor hygiene (Wexler), spreading through…

treatment is the best solution so far for bladder stones. “Uroliths are commonly referred to as "stones" and can occur in any section of the urinary tract with bladder stones being the most common. Regardless of specific type, uroliths occur when the urine becomes too concentrated with urolith precursors and the environmental conditions are appropriate for stone formation. Strategies to prevent future formation are aimed at reducing the concentration of urolith precursors and changing the…

through the introduction of a catheter inside the bladder; catheter, which carries a contrast fluid. • Urinalysis- This test involves urine analysis for infections (such as UTI). Your doctor may also analyze the bladder to see if it is completely emptied. To do this insert a catheter (a small tube) into the urethra to empty the bladder and measure the amount of urine that remains after you pee, called post-void residual (PVR). • Urodynamic -The urodynamic examination consists of a series of…

Renal Scan A renal scan is a procedure used to look for problems with your kidneys. The kidneys are the organs that filter your blood and keep it clean. They move waste out of your blood and into your urine so it can be removed from your body. In this procedure, a small amount of radioactive material (tracer) is injected into your blood. The tracer will travel through your bloodstream and reach your kidneys. A scanner with a camera that detects the radioactive tracer is used to examine the…

tubules and the substances of value returns to the perutubular capillary plasma into the blood stream (Sherwood, 2007, p. 506). Such that the body can conserve by selectively reabsorption, whereas unwanted substances that must be eliminated stays in the urine (Sherwood, 2007, p. 506). GFR are held at a constant level by autoregulation by changes in vascular resistance through afferent arterioles of the…