Urinary system

Discussion Catabolic pathways break down substrates for use by the cell - pick one of the catabolic pathways and carry out some background research; what are the inputs and outputs of the pathway? Are the inputs coming from other pathways, or are they scavenged by the cell? Are the intermediates used in any other processes? How ubiquitous is this pathway? After my reading this week, I had much better understanding on what really takes place during metabolism (catabolic reaction). Purine…

mechanism (Koraitim, 2008). This passive continence is maintained by an involuntary contraction of the lissosphincter’s circular muscle fibres resulting in closure of the vesical orifice and narrowing of the urethra (Koraitim, 2008). Following a RP urinary incontinence (UI) is common and can result from injury to the lissosphincter, thus resulting in the loss of passive continence (Koraitim, 2008). The research suggests that the whole length of the lissosphincter is not essential to maintain…

that is too narrow (urethral stricture). The urethra is the tube that moves urine from the bladder out through the tip of the penis. Urethral stricture makes it difficult or painful to pass urine, and can increase your risk of having more frequent urinary tract infections (UTIs). The goal of surgery is to remove urethral stricture and restore the normal flow of urine. Urethrotomy is performed by passing a thin tube with a light and camera on the end (cystoscope) into the urethra. An instrument…

the length of hospital stay, increase the rate of morbidity and mortality and create a significant financial burden on healthcare system (Arefian, Vogel, Kwetkat, & Hartmann, 2016; Zimlichman et al, 2013). Catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs) is one of the common types of HAIs. Urinary tract infection (UTI) is an infection involving the urinary system, including urethra, bladder, ureters, and kidney (Centers of Disease Control…

I was born with Bladder Exstrophy, a rare birth defect that occurs in 1 out of 50,000 live births, where the bladder and associated structures are improperly formed. Throughout my childhood I’ve had fourteen surgeries to make my life as “normal” as possible. To manage my condition, it requires different techniques just to empty my bladder and prevent serious infections. For example, I’ve had to visit the nurse’s office every two hours to cath myself, as far back as kindergarten. Since birth,…

Imagine your beautiful baby girl being born and then finding out she has a birth defect that will affect her quality of life forever. I was born with Bladder Exstrophy, a rare abnormality present at birth in which the bladder and associated structures are improperly formed and occurs in 1 out of 50,000 births. Throughout my childhood I’ve had 14 surgeries to make my life as “normal” as can be. To manage my situation it requires very different techniques just to empty my bladder and to prevent…

diagnosed with Urinary incontinence? When people hear the term “urinary incontinence” they may want to run because it’s an embarrassing thing to NOT be able to control your own bladder. It’s embarrassing and down grading. This paper will provide information regarding the different types of urinary incontinence, suggestions on how to manage incontinence and how to approach someone with this diagnosis to hopefully decrease the negative impressions. What is Urinary incontinence? Urinary…

the question, one must first understand what urinary tract infections (UTIs) are and some possible causes. First, simply stated, a UTI is an infection of either the kidney, ureter, bladder, or urethra. Second, most UTIs are caused by an infection by bacteria, primarily in women and usually in the bladder or urethra. The most common type of UTI is caused by Escherichia coli (E. coli) bacteria. The main reason women are more likely to suffer from urinary tract infections is that women have a…

and education. Despite the multiple attempts to prevent CAUTI, the rates remain high due to the prolonged duration of urinary catheters and inappropriate use. The studies reviewed recommend the use of a reminder system options: written, verbal or computer generated alerts to notify providers or nurses of the presence of a urinary catheter; consequently, continuation of the urinary…

revealed a right renal calculus in the ureter (urolithiasis). Renal Calculi formation Renal calculi are the most common form of upper urinary tract obstruction. Renal calculi formation has a complex etiology that may include anatomic changes, metabolic and endocrine influences, and high levels of stone components that interact among other components in the urinary system. Factors that influence the formation of calculi include the presence of a nucleus for crystal formation, supersaturated…