Urban areas

neighborhoods while enhancing the value of the downtown office towers that were made more accessible from the suburbs. The existence of inner-city interstates made it more convenient for downtown workers to live in the suburbs and commute to work, often making it possible for middle-class families to leave the city (Jackson, 1985). Although once considered to be a disseminate and even a poverty magnet, transit is increasingly viewed as a desirable amenity for an urban neighborhood. Households may prefer transit-rich neighborhoods because of the added ease of commuting or traveling to other parts of the city or metropolitan area. The area adjacent…

This paper aims to understood the character of open land and/or water body & its importance in Urban areas. An urban area is characterized by high human population density and vast human-built features. Thus rises the need of relief spaces in the dense urban matrix. They can be any kind of open spaces or water body, green belts-manmade or natural. Urban Morphology of cities show the gradual decrease and decease of open spaces with the process of urbanization. Open spaces are mandatory for the…

Public Transportation Systems for Urban Areas Objective: Introduction: 1. Urban Public Transportation Systems: Cities and metropolitan areas are centers of diverse activities, which require efficient and convenient transportation of persons and gods. It is often said that transportation is the lifeblood of cities. High density of activities makes it possible and necessary that high capacity modes, such as bus, light rail and metro, be used because they are more economical, more energy efficient…

As major cities around the United States are dealing with an increase in poverty, crime rates, pollution and lackluster public school systems, politicians and economist have pushed for urban gentrification. Seen as a means to reinvigorate cities, urban gentrification benefits the affluent citizens flocking towards city neighborhoods from the suburbs, rather than the poor citizens already living there. Therefore, urban gentrification is legitimatized through social conflict theory as the wealthy…

Gentrification is a process of social change traditionally applied to urban areas. It involves upscaling building, infrastructure and accompanying changes in its social composition (Phillips,2005), which tends to impact the lower income neighborhoods. The term ‘gentrification’ was first used by Ruth Glass while observing the social structure and housing markets in certain areas of inner London in 1964. The purpose of this essay will be to examine the positive and negative aspects of…

Obesity in rural areas are just as much as important as obesity in urban areas. One study would research obesity among rural adults and urban adults. Trivedi founded that obesity was higher in rural than in urban residents. Trivedi also found that more rural adults than urban adults reported no physical activity. Not many rural adults met or exceeded physical activity recommendations. The study also found that rural adults had low intake of fiber and fruits but had a high intake of sweetened…

Glass to describe the movement of middle class families into urban areas causing the property value to increase and displacing the older settlers. In the past decades, gentrification have been defined and refined depending on the neighborhood 's economic, social and political context. According to Davidson and Less definition, a gentrified area should include investment in capital, social upgrading, displacement of older settlers and change in landscape. Many urban cities like Chicago, Michigan…

“IMPLICATIONS OF EXCESSIVE URBANIZATION IN PAKISTAN” URBANIZATION: Urbanization means the movement of people from less developed areas to the more developed areas that consequently increases the urban population. Urbanization began during the industrial revolution, when worker move towards manufacturing hubs in cities to obtain jobs in industries as agriculture jobs became less come that why People from less developed areas of Pakistan leave their hometowns in search of better livings. This is…

1 Introduction As Setha Low explains in “The Edge and the Center: Gated Communities and the Discourse of Urban Fear“, a spatial analysis of the city prominently brings up separations and conflicts in both the center and the edge of the city (Low 2003, 387). Globally, cities are divided into different areas, segre-gated by cultural or racial differences and tensions. It is interesting to see how cities across the planet deal with issues that result from social pres-sures, cultural contexts and…

Ginormous events in history continue to affect urban life to this day. The integration of blacks and whites started to happen in the urban environment . The creation of cities like Harlem started to pop up in urban areas along with new culture (Harlem Renaissance ) and the popularization of Jazz. Along with this World War One lead into the roaring twenties. A time were fun was high but morals were low. And everything on the urban environment became the picture of luxury. You can still see it to…