Unilateralism

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    John Mearsheimer alluded to this ‘reality’ in the following quote from a series of interviews called Conversations with History in 2002. “My argument is that if China continues to grow economically, it will translate that economic might into military might, and it will become involved in an intense security competition with the United States, similar to the security competition that existed between the United States and the Soviet Union during the Cold War.” Subscribers to Mearsheimer’s postulations would point to recent struggles involving China, the United States, and other actors in the South China Sea. The second and certainly preferable alternative is that all states involved, along with other major international actors will weigh the costs and benefits of each scenario and arrive at similar conclusions. That is to say, in this day and age of multi-lateral institutions, there is little to be gained from actual conflict. Thus emerging actors will seek a ‘balance of power’ within the current system. That, “balancing involves institutional strategies such as the formation of limited diplomatic coalitions or ententes to constrain the superior powers. It also involves strengthening economic ties between peers, which can possibly shift the balance of economic power against the more powerful state/s in the long term.” (Flemes, 6) Within international relations circles this idea of a shift away from American hegemony is called a return to ‘multipolarity’. Realists would…

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    Realism Vs Multilateralism

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    ‘perpetual’ peaceful environment (Doyle, 2005). Moreover, international institutions should constitute the starting point for cooperation. After having discussed the tenets of Realism and Liberalism, this paper will proceed by evaluating whether those two theories can be applied to Labor and Coalition approaches to multilateralism and bilateralism. Multilateralism versus bilateralism Multilateralism is defined by the neoliberal institutionalist Robert Keohane as ‘the practice of coordinating…

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    “They did a beautiful job on your face, you can’t even see the scar now” is one of the most common things I have heard after telling anyone that I had a cleft lip and palate. When I was born I had a cleft lip and a cleft palate. This is a congenital split in the upper lip on one or both sides of the center, and a cleft palate is a congenital split in the roof of the mouth. The meaning to me is to be in the hospital many times, specifically eleven times just for major surgeries. It also meant…

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    Cold War Unilateralism

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    This historical study will define the underlying events that define the economic and military unilateralism of the American superpower in the later half of the 20th century. The wartime policies of president Johnson define shift in the monolithic military power of the United States in the 1960s as a direct result of Cold War ideology with the U.S.S.R. and China. America’s entrance into the Vietnam War defined Johnson’s pro-war ideology, which sought to prevent the domino effect of communism in…

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    widen our borders and conquer territories, a prominent theme of manifest destiny; unilateralism, a freedom to engage with other countries without formalities such as alliances or agreements; and isolationism, a hesitance to engage with other countries in any manner, to focus on domestic interests (Datta). In its brief life, America and its citizens have maintained sturdy exceptionalist mindsets and, arguably, functioned within a mostly unilateral approach.…

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    Wilsonian Idealism

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    involvement in trade with Britain made it inevitable that the U.S. would be drawn into WWI. Wilson’s idealism was characterized by a strong engagement with democratic ideals and restoration vs. destruction. When the United States was dragged into the WWI, Wilson justified it on idealistic terms, that “the world must be made safe for democracy” (Kaufman 52). This sentiment may ring familiar, for it was also used by President George W. Bush as reasoning for the invasion of Iraq. Wilson was also…

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    critics, predominately located in the South, “attacked him for stirring up a servile war, encouraging amalgamation of the races and, of course, violating the Constitution.”15. It is of note that the exigencies of the Civil War forced Lincoln to quickly and skillfully play his cards, as well as assume more cards to serve his strategic agenda (i.e. unilateralism). President Lincoln had disdain for the Jacksonian approach towards wielding unnecessary powers, and a strong executive was anathema to…

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    Since the end of the Cold War, American Foreign-policy makers have declared their belief in the importance of multilateralism but, at the same time, they have often demonstrated a desire to act unilaterally . Critically discuss this statement with specific reference to Bush II administration policy towards Iraq Jan 2001 and decision to intervene in March 2003. Unilateralism could be considered as any agenda that encourages one-sided action, and America's foreign policy is almost always based…

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    Walzer notes that most successful interventions are usually conducted by neighboring countries. This makes sense, if a country in helping its neighbor with a problem they don’t have to travel very far. Whereas another country might have to travel across the globe to provide aid. In addition Walzer brings up an interesting point, should interventions be conducted unilaterally or multilaterally? In other words, is it better for countries to act alone in providing military aid, or should groups of…

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    wanted to extend the benefits of freedom across the globe to have a balance of power that favors freedom. The second is Preventive war in which it downgrades containment and deterrence. The third is Unilateralism in which it aims to established bases in the world and developed technology in order to increase military power. The last is the American Hegemony in which the U.S. wanted to established its hegemony, primacy and empire across the world. Thus, the Bush Doctrine set-up a goal for U.S.’s…

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