Under Pressure

- Complete a thorough assessment based on the patient’s chief complaint and risk factors. Should include: inspection, palpation, percussion and auscultation where appropriate and the special tests as required based on the chosen system. - It is not necessary to include how the assessment was performed, rather describe the normal and abnormal findings that you observed for the chosen system. Inspection: Inspection of the ears: Both ears are present, are both of equal size with no presence…

Magnesium is one of the most important minerals for human health and is required throughout the body; but by far the largest quantities are found in the bones and muscles. Almost all the body's enzymes are dependent to some degree on adequate supplies of magnesium, and these enzymes are essential for several hundred vital metabolic reactions; amongst the most important being the production of energy within cells through the metabolism of dietary proteins, carbohydrates and fats. Magnesium is…

the plasma volume of the individual fifteen to twenty minutes following consumption. At this stage the osmolarity of the individual will drop since the amount of water present in the plasma has increased, this will also lead to an increase in blood pressure of the individual. Due to the shift in osmolarity in the body the osmorecptors in the Hypothalamus of the brain will send a signal to the Posterior Pituitary, this signal will cease the release of ADH and allow any remaining ADH in the body…

Physiology Heart murmurs are aberrant heart noises that can be noted when using a stethoscope. Typically, these sounds come from the abnormal motion of blood amid cardiac chambers and across valves. As a result, turbulence occurs, bringing about “vibrations in the chambers of the heart or outflow vessels (aorta or pulmonary artery) that are detected as audible, low-frequency sounds,” (Klabunde, 2016). These sounds are different from the regular heart sounds that symbolize the closing of the…

REASON PROCEDURE: Colonoscopy. INDICATIONS A 29-year-old male with previous established Crohn's colitis elsewhere transferred to FMC Butner. I am to assess disease activity and extent of disease. PROCEDURE IN DETAIL Timeout was called. Consent signed. Examination of the perineum and rectum were normal. The preparation was adequate. IV sedation administered. The forward-viewing colonoscope was advanced to the cecum with intubation of the terminal ileum. Upon withdrawal, the following…

Hemochromatosis unless treated can become lethal. Symptoms of the disease include long term manifestations, irregular heartbeat, low energy, loss of sex drive, abdominal pain and accordingly others. Prevalent symptoms include, weakness, abdominal pain, fatigue, also joint pain. Secondary hemochromatosis comparable to hemochromatosis displays a collection regarding symptoms. Doctors will perform liver biopsy to diagnose the patient. There are two different types of liver biopsy, laparoscopic…

Hypertension High blood pressure is a disease of epidemic proportions in the United States. According to the American Heart Association, high blood pressure, or hypertension, is diagnosed in about 80 million American adults. Tens of millions more are estimated to have high blood pressure and do not know it. One of the main problems with hypertension is that it is a symptomless disease. This means that it does not display regular signs and symptoms. Instead, high blood pressure damages the…

due to the slow rate at which oxygen liberates from haemoglobin resulting in a decrease in heart rate because the force of muscle contraction is consequentially low (Lagerstrand, 1982). This is observed in the above results for cardiac contraction under cold temperatures. In high temperatures however, the oxygen eagerly discharges from haemoglobin thus resulting in an increased rate of oxygen supply. The result of more oxygen being available to muscles increases the force of contraction and…

Dabigatran was the first FDA-approved NOAC and is a potent, direct inhibitor of thrombin (Faktor IIa). Its serum half-life is 12-17 hours and is 80% renaly excreted (Table 1) (5, 6). The FDA recommended dose of dabigatran in patients with CrCL > 30 mL/min is 150 mg twice daily. However, the ESC guidelines recommend in patients with CrCl 30-49 mL/min to use the 110 mg BID dose. A subgroup analysis of the RE-LY trial (7) which included patients with CrCl 30-49 mL/min demonstrated a lower risk…

many contractions of the ventricles, which are the lower chambers of the heart. At the 2013 American Heart Association meeting, which took place in New Orleans, studies show that drinking one to three energy drinks could increase a person's blood pressure and mess with the heart rhythm. The normal heart rate for adults is from 60 to 100 beats per minute. An unusually low or high heart rate can cause problems. A lower heart rate means that the heart is functioning more efficiently. There are many…