creation of the American Broadcasting Company (ABC). The FCC also established a pie chart for how much air time networks could demand of affiliate stations and the time of day that network broadcasting could air. Beforehand, a network could demand any time it wanted. The commission also did away with networks ability to serve as both agents and employees of artists who performed for radio programs on grounds that the situation posed a conflict of interest. The FCC also helped shape the manner in which television stations delivered their signals, either through very high frequency (VHF) or ultra high frequency (UHF). Many earlier TV stations used VHF channels 2 through 13, but the commission soon realized that VHF alone was not necessary for nationwide television service. As a result, the FCC pushed people for the licensing of stations that used UHF signals. In some cases, commissioners forced channels to switch from one frequency to another or ordered certain VHF channels off the air in smaller markets. The development of color television was another important milestone, as well as the newly field of educational television. The election of Ronald Reagan as president in 1981 pushed an already on-going shift in the FCC towards a decidedly more market-oriented stance. A number of regulations that were outdated was then on removed. Critics said the Fairness Doctrine did not extend to expanding communications regulations limiting media ownership. This allowed greater connection…
information systems can face cyber-attacks on highway traffic controls systems, pipeline control systems, train control, and power/telecommunications. What is RFID? “RFID systems are relatively simple, consisting of readers and tags. Readers radiate a signal and receive responses from tags. Readers may operate in a number of frequencies.” There are two types of RFID tags, ones that are contactless and ones that are passive where the reader serves as power for the RFID tags. The most common…
Firstly, its advantages include being safe and painless. Unlike X-ray, MRI scanners do not use ionizing radiation; instead they use magnetic fields and radio waves which are harmless and can be absorbed by the body without causing mutations because radio waves have a low frequency and thus a low energy that doesn’t cause harm. Secondly, the pictures that are created by the MRI are precise which allow definite analysis of the image by a medical professional; especially for organs such as brain,…
device making it is probably making sound differently from something else making a sound nearby. For example, say that you are in a room. You hear some women to your right talking in a high pitched voice, then to your left you hear a man talking in a low pitched voice. You wonder why these two people standing in the same room are able to sound so different. This is because of both the frequency of the sound coming out of the person, and also the wave length. The frequency of a sound wave is able…
necessity of high bit error rate (BER) wireless communication with high channel capacity and reliability, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system is a desired method. In the multifunctional wireless communication application, MIMO antenna system should have compact structure and high isolation [2]. Numerous technique have been proposed for enhance isolation between the elements of a MIMO antenna because MIMO antenna system requires high isolation. The function of MIMO antenna depends on the…
The motion in the fastening reason for the unit might be supervised with vibration pickup and examined to determine the spectrum. These details may then be employed to set the shaker drive signal to proper spectrum shape and level. The best approach would be to arrange the machine to watch and control the amount instantly. The three functional limitations to the performance of electrodynamic shaker are displacement, velocity and acceleration. Shaker is operated by displacement at the lowest…
Polarization in Antenna Polarization is the basic thing used in transmission antennas for the propagation and reception of the signals. As we know that antenna emits electromagnetic waves in the space for the communication purposes. These two types of waves as depicted by the name Electro-Magnetic is a combination of electrical and magnetics fields. These two waves are mutually orthogonal i.e. oriented at an angle of 90o with each other. The general wave form is given as Fig: Electromagnetic…
Chapter eight of the text Sound and Recording by Francis Rumsey and Tim McCormick, discusses the principles of digital audio, and contrasts digital with analog. The text also illustrates how digital and analog work together to produce desired sound. In the world of audio there are two types; digital and analog. Analog can be described as physical or tangible in a sense, being etched onto some type of media. Digital however, is a representation of the audio waveform, which is converted into a…
Sound travels through matter, which is a solid, liquid or gas. Sound travels in longitudinal waves. There is also a vibration that starts on an object, and this causes a vibration on all the molecules. When these molecules vibrate, they cause all of the other surrounding molecules to vibrate. This vibration will spread from molecule to molecule causing sound to travel. 1. What is a wave? A wave is a chain of vibrating molecules. In general, a wave transfers energy from one place to another. 2.…
subsection{Experiment description} In order to validate this data procedure and estimation method, we carried out experiment on the ROMAC stability test rig as depicted in Fig. ef{fig2:subfig:a}. The fluid and magnetic bearing configurations were in cite{cloud2007stability}, and during the excitation process, the temperature of inlet oil was 37 ${}^{circ}mathrm{C}$. The shaft rotates at 3500 rpm, and the actuator #2 that is located at the node 47 in the FE model excited this test rig at six…