Turkmenistan

Disciplining Modern Turkey: Historiographical analysis of the Ideology of Mustafa Kemal “Atatürk” The longevity of the Ottoman Empire is undeniable. From its beginnings in 1299 to its end in 1922 the Ottomans were one of the world’s longest functioning empires, with its geography reaching to large parts of Africa, Asia, and Arabia. Though the Ottoman’s lasted seven centuries, the empire was in an increasing state of tortuous decline beginning in the sixteenth century. This decline was inflicted…

In this paper I will attempt to examine the root causes of the Aral Sea disaster that implicate in ecological, societal, economic, and cultural environments throughout the time and space. This paper will challenge the traditional view of the Aral Sea disaster as of “natural”, but rather “crescive” and “constructed”. I will analyze the Aral sea disaster through the following lenses, first is political - harsh Soviet politics and transition to the market economy that had subsequently resulted in…

In 1914, build up of tensions among countries in the European system and surrounding areas led to the outbreak of World War I. This war, being the bloodiest in history up to that point, caused upwards of 25 million deaths and led to the rise of Nazism, Comintern Cold War along with many other major geopolitical events (Third International). The rising powers of Germany, the US, revolutionary Russia, and the declining supremacies of the United Kingdom, France, and the Ottoman Empire, allowed for…

Energy is in the centre of the economic development of every country or region. It sets into motion and feeds factories, government buildings and offices, schools and hospitals. It warms up homes and keeps perishable foods cold. Its importance explains the shown complexity. Energy is source of wealth and competition, base for political controversies and technological investments, and also core of memorable challenges for our global environment. Energy is essential for development. Securing…

Report Section #1: Analysis of the company POLARIS. History: Polaris become founded in 1954. The Polaris Headquarters is located in Medina, Minnesota in the United States. Polaris is worldwide except in Cuba, Iran, Syria and North Korea. Polaris occur when David Johnson, Allan, and Edgar Hetten created the first snowmobile, later continued by motorcycles, that were marketed by different companies around the world, (1956) the first snowmobile sold around $465, but no actual sales prices were…

Presence of carnivores helps to maintain the integrity of ecosystems throughout the world (Soulè and Terborgh, 1999). Many carnivores are capable of altering trophic structure and biodiversity through a process known as top-down control (Elmhagen and Rushton, 2007). Through this, carnivores are able to prevent the overabundance of herbivores. If uncontrolled, an explosion in herbivore population density would increase the grazing pressure that would ultimately threat the survival of the…

In the midst of modern history (post World War II), the New World Order discomposed the old world order and browbeat the term conquest and territorial aggrandizement into the closet; however, the Middle East seems to be the exception to every rule. Over the past sixty years , armed hostile conflict and unrepentant governments have raged unchecked throughout the Middle East. Stability and peace are foreign words that do not translate in this region of the world. War ravaged Iran and Iraq in…

Chapter 3: Pinter’s Political Activism and Political Plays Can art be separated from politics is a question which has been debated upon by many critics. Personally, I feel that since art is a representation of life, and politics in life begins when at least two individuals are involved, it can never be separated from politics. However hard an artist tries to separate his work from the tricky games of politics, his efforts turn out to be futile as the artist’s own idea in his work is a political…

Moreover, in early 2006 there were already 350 million mobile phones in use in China and that number was projected to grow by about 57 million annually.21 Before choosing to launch Google.cn, Google was already a player in this Chinese market. Since the site’s inception in 1999, U.S.-based Google.com had been available to Chinese users as it had been to users worldwide. Unlike its major U.S. competitors, though, Google did not rush to set up a China-based version of its search engine, and thus…