Trypsin

1. Which components of the digestive system are GI tract organs, and which are accessory digestive organs? The GI tract organs includes; The mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and large intestine. The accessory digestive organs include; The tongue, teeth, salivary glands, liver, gall bladder, and the pancreas 2. Which organs of the digestive system come in contact with food, and what are some of their digestive functions? Mouth is used for ingestion of food. Saliva…

medium to a centrifuge tube to separate it from the cells. Add 1mL of phosphate buffered saline (PBS) to the cells and swirl to mix. Separate the PBS from the cells and combine the PBS with the culture medium. Trypsinize the cells with 300 µL of trypsin to and incubate them at 37℃ to dissociate the cells from the petri dishes. (If the cells appear to be clustered together, break them apart by gently pipetting them until they are separated.) Add the cells to the centrifuge tube and centrifuge.…

Summary: Barry James, a 67-year-old man presents to the hospital with a recent onset of diarrhea and weight loss; patient has a history of lactose intolerance, vitamin B12 deficiency and intermittent diarrheal episodes that last 1-2 days. Peripheral edema was noted on the physical examination, and the abdominal examination was negative for distention and organomegaly. Question: Describe the pathophysiology and clinical presentations associated with small intestine malabsorption. Generate:…

lumen. The excess of H+ ions lowers the pH of the stomach, activating pepsinogen and turning it into pepsin, a protease that breaks down large proteins to produce large polypeptides, these molecules are then transported to the small intestines where trypsin degrades it to dipeptides which are then further broken down into amino acids via dipeptidase. These…

Cystic Fibrosis Cystic fibrosis is a recessive genetic disease in which the lungs and digestive system get filled and clogged up with think sticky mucus. Cystic Fibrosis can also be called Cystic fibrosis of the pancreas, Fibrocystic disease of the pancreas, Mucoviscidosis, Mucoviscidosis of the pancreas, Pancreas fibrocystic disease, Pancreatic cystic fibrosis. This disease affects the cells that control digestive fluids, sweat and mucus in the body, and makes these fluids thicker and…

produced in the liver and stored in the gallbladder. The pancreas produces pancreatic juice and sodium bicarbonate, NaHCO3. Pancreatic juice contains three hydrolytic enzymes: Pancreatic amylase, which breaks down carbohydrates into disaccharides, Trypsin, which breaks down proteins into polypeptides, and Lipase, which breaks down triglycerides into fatty acids and glycerol. NaHCO3 neutralizes the acid chyme entering the duodenum from the stomach giving the small intestine a basic pH which is…

think that Frank is exhibiting classic signs of Acute Pancreatitis. This gastrointestinal disorder, is characterized by a reversible inflammatory response of the pancreatic acini resulting from premature activation of pancreatic enzymes, primarily trypsin. The inflammatory response; subsequently, causes severe tissue damage locally in the pancreas and in some instances, reach adjacent or surrounding tissues, leading to a systemic inflammatory response and multiple organ failure(Grossman &…

The advent of tissue culturing in the early 1900s has shaped modern science tremendously. Fields such as cell biology, molecular biology, biochemistry and many others are heavily dependent on cell culturing to carry out experiments. Cell culturing initially began when pioneering scientists sought a way to study cells outside their tissue origin. They began with tissues and then later on, techniques were developed that enabled the study of individual cells in vitro that would give rise to…

complaints, including diarrhea, abdominal pain and bloating to extra intestinal manifestations including fatigue, headaches and joint pain. With non-celiac gluten sensitivity, the focus in not just on gluten, but instead, it also includes amylase trypsin inhibitors (ATI) and FODMAPs (a collection of short chain carbohydrates and sugar alcohols found in foods). To date, there are no known long-term complications of non-celiac gluten…

2.1.2. Alkaline hydrolysis Alkaline hydrolysis is a simple process in which the protein is solubilized by heating followed by the addition of calcium, sodium or potassium hydroxide as alkaline agents and maintaining the temperature at a range between 25-55 °C (Pasupuleti & Braun, 2010). During alkaline hydrolysis of proteins, some amino acids like serine and threonine are damaged during alkaline hydrolysis, however, tryptophan remains intact. Also, this process causes racemization of amino acids…