Troposphere

found on Earth at sea level. Just above the "surface", since Uranus is a gas giant, of Uranus lies the troposphere. The temperature ranges from minus 243 degrees Fahrenheit (minus 153 degrees Celsius) to minus 370 F (minus 218 C), with the upper regions being the coldest. With temperatures like those it makes the atmosphere of Uranus one of the coldest in the solar system. Within the troposphere are layers of cloud;water clouds at the lowest pressures, with ammonium hydrosulfide clouds above…

Chemtrails Are Real Have you ever wondered what those white, cloudy-like lines that come off planes and jets are? Or what is in those lines? Contrails are indeed the lines that follow behind aircraft, but there are chemicals in them. Because there are chemicals in the lines, we called them chemtrails. Chemtrails are, in fact, real. Contrails are not harmful to humans. Contrails are said to be naturally made in the air by the exhaust freezing at the high altitudes that planes travel in. The…

Exercise 1 The abundance of nitrogen in the standard dry atmospheric composition is 781,000ppmv. The mass mixing ratio is the volume mixing ratio multiplied by the molecular mass of nitrogen all divided by the molecular mass of air. As the molecular mass of air, 28.8g, is higher than the molecular mass of nitrogen, 28g, the mass mixing ratio would be lower than the volume mixing ratio. a) m=F/a m=101300/9.8=10,336 An estimate of the total mass of a column of the atmosphere with a base…

“Do the impossible, because almost everyone has told me my ideas are merely fantasies.” Said the great aviator Howard Hughes. This businessman, film producer, philanthropist, and aviator just basically did everything people thought was impossible like building the biggest plane to building the fastest plane, and the best films, but also became a billionaire at the age of 40. He was also known during his lifetime as one of the most financially successful individuals of the world. What was…

Climate Change Is Natural Climate change is a long-term change in regional or global climate patterns. From the mid twentieth century to now, it has mostly been about a significant increase in average global temperatures. Climate change is a major issue in the world today, and a lot of people feel very differently about the cause of it. The common argument about it is whether climate change is a natural occurrence or if the recent increase in temperatures is because of humans. Both sides of…

usefulness, they used the tools to record the changes in the troposphere. “As John Herschel, the most celebrated British scientist of his generation, contended, even if a person could not follow the details of a mathematical demonstration, verified predictions could still lead to the conviction that…

of rain, lighting, and thunder. This happens because all the ash particles that are thrown up into the air are good at collecting water droplets. Another problem is that it forms in a fog or volcanic fog. If the volcanic fog only gets into the troposphere it gets washed away with the rain. Most of the particles that come from volcanoes and go to the atmosphere cool the planet by shading incoming solar radiation. The cooling effect can last up to month’s even years; it all depends on how big the…

continue as he elaborates on how distorted people’s perspective of the environment can get. He mentions that “people who would consider themselves to be deeply interested in global warming are unaware of the specific issues surrounding the tropical troposphere” (McKitrick 17). The “people” in his example here are not given a title or a group; the only thing known about them is their concern for global warming. There’s no way of knowing if everyone in this broad group of “people . . . deeply…

likely adaptive implication of the unique hammerhead morphology. Cavalcanti discussed that the cephalofoil allows better maneuverability in the water by providing hydrodynamic lift, similar to the aerodynamic lift of an airplane cruising through the troposphere. Another hypothesis of the significance of the cephalofoil is that it potentially enhances the sensory performance of the shark by placing the spacing sensory structures at the lateral aspect of the head. The author suggested that…

When we think about ice, snow or rain falling from the sky, we imagine some perfect beautiful crystals made of water molecules. Scientist had discovered that those crystals originate because some dust particle, helped with the wind, goes to clouds and then water surround it. Because high in the atmosphere the temperatures are so low, those water molecules freeze giving a structure called ice crystals. Now we know that precipitation from the sky are much more that simple dust and water. They…