Transmission electron microscopy

An electron vacancy is created and is further filled by an electron from the higher shell and thus an X-ray is emitted to balance the difference in energy between the two electrons. The detector placed on the energy dispersive spectroscope apparatus measures the number of emitted X-rays and their energies. Energy of the X-ray is characteristics of the element from which X-ray is emitted. A spectrum of the relative counts of the detected X-rays is obtained and evaluated for quantitative…

Electron microscope (Manning, n.d.) is the instrument used to magnify different scientific artifacts with the used of electron beams to create the illustration of the sample, and has the capacity to magnify two million times of the original specimen. The development of the electron microscope was first known in the year 1931 because Ernst Ruska and Maximoll Knoll magnified electron image successfully, but the equipment was actually constructed in 1933 (Innes, n.d.). The concept of the electron…

large images of small objects that cannot be observed by the human naked eye. There are two types of light microscopes: compound microscope and Electron microscope. Light microscopes are divided into two categories: Compound microscopes and Stereoscope microscopes. Electron microscope functions in the following way; a stream of electrons emitted from an electron source built in the microscope, the obtained image is in black and white. The stereoscope microscope functions by reflected light. The…

Motor & Gearbox The mirrors are required to rotate specific angles. To be able to achieve specific angles we need a stepper motor. The stepper motor is known to divide one revolution into equal steps which is our main requirements for the rotation of the mirrors. Figure ‎2-13: The Stepper Motor The following table shows the stepper motor specifications: Table ‎2-1: Stepper Motor Specifications Current 4.2 A Angle 1.8° Torque 8.34 N.m The desired torque calculated to withstand the mirror…

Auto repair can be expensive and confusing to the uninformed driver. It’s important to stay knowledgeable and prepared in advance of a major repair. Bion's Service Center in La Crosse, WI, provides excellent service and appreciates a well-informed customer. In that spirit, they put together this handy list of auto repair tips for drivers to consider when choosing an auto care center. 5 Important Tips For Making Informed Auto Repair Choices 1. Know Your Manual Owning a car means working to…

Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) are two very widespread techniques for examining various properties of substances in many fields of study. These fields can range from biology to chemistry to geology and several others (5). Both work by using the electromagnetic properties of the ways that electrons travel and interact with other atoms. Because electrons have a shorter wavelength of motion and a much higher energy than light, electron microscopy has a…

However, TiO2 is only sensitive to UV light region, because of its large band gap (~3.2 eV) [13], and fast recombination of electron/hole pair limits its photocatalytic reaction process [14]. Many attempts have been devoted to develop high-performance TiO2 photocatalysts for practical applications such as core–shell structure [15] nonmetal or metal doping [16–19], phase mixing…

Are Personal Transmission Repairs Smart? Nowadays more and more people are attempting repairs themselves. But, is a transmission something an amateur should handle? To that, we say now. A transmission on some of the most complex parts of your vehicle, next to the motor of course. Therefore, it should only be handled by a professional. Injuries This is one of the most common things that happen when a person tries to handle transmission repairs on their own. Transmission are extremely heavy.…

the front line exertion and client longing to increment and contention in the middle of manager and administration supplier additionally increment. Interestingly radio transmission phone gift in 1857, Clark Maxwell closed speculation of electromagnetic radiation, which Marconi utilized as a reason for the making of a radio transmission in 1901. This…

Differentials are a more crucial part of a vehicle, they have gone back over a hundred years. Henry Ford was not the person to invent the first vehicle; Henry Ford perfected the assembly line. Out of all different wheel drives, all-wheel drive is the safest and most effective use of the differential. The French made an explanation that the very first vehicle was made in the 1860s, based on their point of view. Having the power go from the engine to the wheels was almost impossible back then,…