Transmission Control Protocol

When discussing the environment creates a lot of controversy as there are many different opinions on how the environment should be regulated. Proposals on how to regulate and protect the environment have proved to be unsuccessful up to this point as both political parties cannot agree on regulations that suites all parties involved. The United States needs to take responsibility and be the first country to enact a national policy that will significantly reduce emissions because by doing so will…

Multi-tasking in the Internet age Introduction Multi-tasking could be referred to as the capability of doing more than a single work, simultaneously. Human multi-tasking is a term which has originated from the computer multi-tasking itself, where a computer performs more than a single task at a time. Human multi-tasking example could be as simple as sending an email while talking over a phone call. One would think that he’s actually saving the time, but I reality he’s killing extra time, as he…

1.First, the "carbon tariff" The concept of "carbon tariff" most early by former French President Jacques Chirac put forward is that if a country's production of the product does not reach the standard set by the importing country in energy saving and emission reduction, will be levied tariffs. In 2009 France proposed in 2010 will to foreign imports impose a "carbon tariff", the tariff rate will be for per ton of carbon dioxide emissions charge Euro 17, later also will be gradually increasing…

Internet and Loyalty, Resistance and Deviance Through internet, anyone can broadcast their voice both as identified or anonymous. In comparison to before internet; you had to go through controlled channels such as radio or television, physically be present in protests, or write letters or make phone calls which have a limited reception. So how does internet affect loyalty, resistance and defiance, and especially voice and exit? Inflation of Voice Via internet, anyone can access a multitude of…

Most people don’t know what the internet really is. In his book Tubes: a journey to the center on the internet, Andrew Blum goes all around the world to finally put an answer to the question. Blum acknowledges how we are becoming a more internet dependent society, and questions why the world inside the screen seemed to have no physical reality. Blum battles the public’s conception of the internet as a “nebulous electronic solar system, a cosmic cloud” (Blum 6). The internet is not some ethereal…

1) Eavesdropping: It can be defined as secretly listening to the private conversation of others without their consent. Here an attacker can choose to passively eavesdrop on the network communication and steal the data. Through passive eavesdropping attackers apparently eliminate their presence in the network and make such attacks difficult to detect. The goal of such an attack is to violate the confidentiality of the communications by intercepting the network and sniffing or listening to…

This protocol is classified into rounds; every round composed of two phases; Set-up Phase (1) Advertisement Phase (2) Cluster Set-up Phase Steady Phase (1) Schedule Creation (2) Data Transmission A. Setup Phase: Every node selects independent of other nodes if it will become a CH or not. This selection takes into consideration when the node behaved as a CH for the last time. In the advertisement phase, the CHs inform their neighboring node with an advertisement packet that they become CHs.…

In this section the fast-recovery algorithm that makes TCP NewReno[1] perform better than the Reno[3], is described. During congestion avoidance if the sender receives triple duplicate ACKs, then it performs fast-retransmission and enters into fast-recovery. In fast-retransmit the sender retransmits the lost segment,sets the threshold value for slow-start as ssthresh = cwnd/2, and sets congestion window, cwnd = ssthresh+3 segments. In fast-recovery, the sender increases its congestion window by…

display a website. This will include things such as images, files, scripts and pages that make up the website. Once there is an access to the site the browser will get the data from the web server. The web server will then use HTTP (hypertext transfer protocol) and send the data to your browser. The browser then converts the html and displays the website. Mail server: A mail server is a computer that stores electronic mail also known as emails. When someone wants to open an email the computer…

Many laws have been placed by governments around the world such as the Kyoto protocol and Cap-and-Trade. These acts have been placed so scientists can measure just how much each country is affecting the world and how imminent the threat is to life on Earth. People all over the world have now realized the problems facing the world…