Transmembrane protein

the extracellular region, transmembrane domain (TM), juxtamembrane domain (JM) and a catalytic domain. The extracellular region includes four immunoglobulin-like domains (Ig) and between the two last one a cysteine-rich domain (C6) represented in Figure 6B. Then it follows the TM, which is located in the membrane of the muscle fiber, the JM and the tyrosine kinase catalytic domain. MuSK is activated trough the large heparansulfate proteoglycan agrin, a motor neuron protein. But agrin does not…

of small proteins. Keratin is the main component of your hair, skin, and nails. Integrin acts a sort of messenger. Cadherin acts a binder, creating the structure of cells. So many different proteins help make the world turn waiting the human body, but they do different things. These are three important proteins. Keratin to is very important to the human body. Keratin is a big factor in making up your hair, nails, and skin. In fact, your hair is 95% keratin This protein works…

BACE1 inhibitors as an anti-alzheimer drugs Introduction- β –secretase (BACE1) is a transmembrane protein with its active site existing in the extracellular domain of the protein. It is made up of 2 aspartate residue Asp32 & Asp228. BACE-1 is a challenging target because it is an aspartyl protease with a site of action inside the central nervous system.. Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia in elderly people, and the fourth most common cause of death in developed…

Transferrin is a protein that circulates in the plasma and is encoded by the transferrin (TF) gene. The protein contains 678 amino acid residues, 19 disulfide bonds and has a molecular mass of about 80 kDa. Transferrin has a combination of alpha helices and beta sheets that form an N-terminus and a C-terminus domain (1). The iron ion that binds to the protein binds to two tyrosine, one aspartic acid and one histidine residues. In humans, the major function of transferrin is to regulate the level…

Cell Biology Section 11 18 September 2016 1. Describe the structure of CFTR. You must provide a written description for full credit. A picture on its own is not enough. A picture with a description is acceptable. (5 points) When cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator CTFR channels are functioning normally, they allow chloride ions to move outside of the cell. When the CTFR is mutated the chloride ions are unable to leave out of the cell channel which causes a thick coat of mucus…

stands for cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator whose mutation commonly leads to the deletion of three nucleotides which code for the amino acid phenylalanine. The mutation, therefore, leads to the loss of this amino acid. The mutant CFTR leads to the disease as the incorrect protein folding is detected in the endoplasmic reticulum which leads the protein to be degraded and thus never reaches the cell membrane whereas with a normal CFTR protein, the protein actually reaches the…

The Effects of Cystic Fibrosis on Cell Signaling Cystic Fibrosis is a recessive genetic condition that causes the mutation of the CFTR gene, which contains instructions for making CFTR proteins. CFTR proteins regulate the transport of chloride in and out of cells; if the proteins don’t work properly, the cells are left with a high salt concentration and take up liquid from mucus in attempts to reach equilibrium.The disease most commonly affects the respiratory and digestive systems. In…

receptors are a class of G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) which are activated by catecholamines in the central and peripheral nervous systems. Alpha-1 adrenergic receptors (1-AR) are systematic vasoconstrictors: their activation constricts blood vessels by the contraction of vascular smooth muscle. These transmembrane receptors are activated by the binding of epinephrine or norepinephrine, which creates intracellular signals via activation of the G-protein. The G-protein itself is a…

This project looked at how carbohydrates can have an effect on the ability of proteins to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB). The blood brain barrier are formed by endothelial cells of the brain capillaries, restricts access to brain cells of blood-borne compounds and facilitates nutrients essential for normal metabolism to reach brain cells. This is a very tight regulation that results in the inability of small and large therapeutic compounds to cross the BBB. Lipidic systems can be…

the endosomes, kinases and phosphatases produces and hydrolyses specific phosphoinositides which identify endocytic membranes and allow them to recruit proteins from the cytosol that are involved in vesicle trafficking and other aspects of cellular homeostasis. Lipid mediators of signaling and recognition processes work through specific protein–lipid interactions, the levels of these signaling molecules are extremely small compared with the levels of bulk membrane…