Transcription

When there are genetic mutations that affect the cystic fibrosis trans-membrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein, Cystic Fibrosis (CF) is the outcome. CF was recently linked to CFTR defects, which is a major gene, found on the seventh chromosome. Cystic Fibrosis is not only the most common disease among those of Caucasian decent, but it also happens to be the most deadly inherited disease that affects more often Caucasian Americans. In the United States one in twenty among Caucasians are…

The human p53 gene is located on the seventeenth chromosome (17p13.1). 3. STRUCTURE The p53 protein is a phosphoprotein made of 393 amino acids. It consists of four units (or domains): • A domain that activates transcription factors. • A domain that recognizes specific DNA sequences (core domain). • A domain that is responsible for the tetramerization of the protein. • A domain that recognized damaged DNA, such as incorrect position of base pairs or single-stranded…

distinguishes the different types of Influenza; A, B and C (Baron, 1996). M and NS proteins are required for the final stage of infection, to release newly formed virions into the body. M proteins binds to the synthesised RNP which inhibits further transcription and exports the RNP from the nucleus into the cytoplasm (Cao et al, 2012, Gomez-Puertas et al, 2000). NS proteins facilitates the export of RNPs by producing nuclear export signals and binding with RNP to form a complex that can be…

Cancer is defined as a diverse state in which cells multiply, proliferate and spread through surrounding tissues. With all the different types of cancers we have, at least one originates from closely every cell type in the human body (Vogeistein and Kinzier,1992). Different influence can affect the processes of the cell cycle in both positive and negative ways. Tumor suppressor gene p53 is among the negative regulators of the cell cycle if affected by alteration, mutations or by interaction with…

In a cell, all of the organelles are a necessary part of the whole. The nucleus is the brains of the cell. The nucleus is also where the DNA is located. DNA are the proteins that hold the genetic code necessary for the cell to replicate. The DNA replication takes place in the ribosomes, where the proteins are translated in order to be replicated. The plasma membrane covers the entire cell and oversees the flow of chemicals that come both in and out of the cell. The plasma membrane creates a…

on Chr. 10 (Vuong et al. 2010) were also confirmed. Information on candidate genes and annotation, resistance gene analog (RGA), and transcription factors were also…

Abiotic stress in plants: an overview: An environmental perturbation such as drought, salinity, chilling, freezing and high temperatures can influence plant growth and, inturn, can prove detrimental to enduring agriculture (Slama et al, 2014). Such kind of environmental disturbance encountered by the plant in field or in vitro is referred to as abiotic stress.Under such conditions, plants advancingly experience altered or abnormal cellular and whole plant processes just to achieve the right…

Gene expression within a eukaryotic cell is directly impacted by the spatial organization of the nucleus [1]. Cellular organization is carried out at the chromosome-level [1], through means of chromosome folding, gene kissing, looping, nuclear lamina associations and protein-nucleic acid interactions within nuclear bodies. Observation of the nucleolus using Raman microspectroscopy may provide more insight into macromolecule density and distribution, as well as provide answers to the still…

sequences of HPV 18 were detected in cell lines derived from cervical cancer. The objectives of the investigation that took place in the article “Structure and transcription of human papillomavirus sequences in cervical carcinoma cells” was to analyze the cell lines HeLa, C4-1, and 756, for the structural organization and transcription of the HPV 18 genome. The methods that were used in this investigation was to first isolate RNA and subject it to Northern blot hybridization, with HPV 18 DNA…

I chose the Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs)because I received a kidney transplant 19 months ago and I’m still not satisfied with hypertension being the sole reason for my kidney failure. I read the last term that an untreated urinary tract infection could result in a kidney infection called pyelonephritis. So I’ll continue to research until I get a more defined answer of why I’m suffering from kidney failure. A urinary tract infection is caused by organisms/microbes including bacteria, fungi,…