Toxicology

Every day animals all over the world are unwillingly and harshly treated as experimental objects, to be used for unnecessary scientific cosmetic testing. Across the country, about 26 million animals every year are used in and as experiments. They are used to figure out the toxicity of medications, discover and develop medical treatments, participate in food and chemical tests, and, most especially, make sure certain products for humans, such as cosmetics and other personal care products, are…

July 26, 2018 I was finishing up the last work of an online class that I had taken over the summer. I received a message from a friend I hadn’t seen or spoken to in years. Her mother- in-law happened to be my mom’s best friend. I instantly knew something was wrong. I finished my assignment and messaged back my phone number. Within five minutes I received the second worst news of my life. My mom was dead. She had been found in a state of deterioration in her bathroom. It was presumed she had been…

NO TITLE PAGE NO NAME!!! YOYO As the number of drug overdose in the United States has grown expansively, it has become a major concern not only for the people affected directly, but also for the entire nation as a whole. However, amidst the debate on this issue, an entire group entirely affected is often neglected or not even thought of. This group consists of the babies born from mothers who are drug addicts. These “drug” babies as they are often referred to suffer withdrawal symptoms known…

Erythritol – Your New Favorite (Antioxidant-Rich, Diabetic-Friendly) Sugar Substitute! The verdict is in: Sugar is BAD for our health! But, does this mean we’ll never again be able to enjoy a decadent piece of chocolate cake, a plate of warm, chewy cookies, or a heavenly handful of candy ever again? Absolutely not! Thankfully, there is a sweetener out there that tastes like sugar, bakes like sugar, and can even improve your health (unlike sugar). It’s called erythritol (pronounced Air…

Samantha Cole from Chautauqua, New York was a drug addict that was addicted to heroin, not only that but most importantly is a mother of two daughters. Coleman had been struggling with addiction for years. Specially coming from a family that all she ever saw while growing up was domestic violence and the high dependency of drugs. She suffered an accident where she was rigorously burned. While recovering from the accident the doctors prescribed her opiates in which promptly led her to become…

Paper Chromatography Paper Chromatography is an analytical method that is used to separate coloured chemicals substances, especially pigments. This is how paper chromatography is conducted: Materials Chromatography Paper (Can also be Coffee Filter) Large Beaker (max one litre) Paper Clips/Sellotape & Skewer Stick Water soluble black marker Water Procedure: Draw a ink dot with the marker on each one of the chromatography paper near the bottom end of the paper. Then stick or paper clip the…

team time trial during the 1960 Olympics in Rome, Italy and with 20km to go, collapsed and fell of his bike and fractured his head. He later died that day in hospital. Even though his death was caused by the fall and the fracture of his head, the toxicology report found amphetamines in his system, it was these drugs that caused him to lose consciousness and fall from the bike. This was the first ever recorded death during the Olympic Games due to drugs. (Sports Reference LLC,2012). Due to the…

Introduction Animal extortion is an ongoing issue in relationship to animal welfare and rights. There seems to be some ethical areas that individuals feel need to be changed on how humans use animals for human personal benefits. The argument supporting animal extortion and maltreatment has been the same for generations, including this view on animals used for experiments, “These benefits to humans far outweigh the costs in suffering that relatively few animals have had to endure. Society has…

Mixed contamination of PAHs and metals occur ubiquitously in the environment, but their combined toxicity to humans and other organisms are not fully addressed. The data from epidemiological, animal and in vitro studies indicated the nature of interaction between PAHs and metals varies from synergism to additivity or antagonism. In this chapter, the combined toxicity of PAHs and metals on toxicokinetic and toxicodynamic endpoints, and possible mechanism of actions were discussed. In addition,…

瀀瀀ract The purpose of Isolation of Bixin from Annatto Seeds using Column Chromatography was to separate and purify macroscopic amounts of pure bixin compound from annatto seed ex-tract.1 A mixture of bixin, methylbixin, and norbixin were extracted from annatto seeds. Bixin was then isolated from the mixture through the use of the column chromatography technique. The isolated bixin was characterized through Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) analysis, which displayed an Rf value of 0.317, which…