Titration

Interpretation and Evaluation: Rinsing Process: When performing a volumetric analysis all equipment to be used must be washed with deionised water. This is done in order to remove anything that contaminate your solution and have an effect on the results. It is important that deionised water is used and not regular tap water, this is because tap water could itself contains many unwanted impurities such salts, other solids and bacteria. If these were to contaminate the solutions to be used it…

In this experiment my partner and I will set up a chemical system arrangement in order to determine the effectiveness of neutralizing of a commercial antacid, per gram. When the arrangement is set we will test the different variations of the experiment, for example during step A we will be my partner and I will be determining the mass of the antacid and preparing the antacid for analysis. For step C my partner and I will be using what we have recorded in order to complete the calculations.…

1.1 Overview: In a research lab, Mr. Z trying to formulate a colloidal dispersion system with sodium lauryl sulphate. What type of colloidal system is suitable for sodium laurly sulphate and also we have to discuss the different stability factors for sodium laurly sulphate dispersion. 1.2 Solution to the question: Introduction of colloids: Colloids are homogeneous non-crystalline substances. Here one substance is divide into more minute particles called colloidal particles and then it…

Preparing Dilutions of the Silver Nanoparticles 1. Gather all materials. 2. Put on a pair of disposable gloves. 3. Make a paper towel damp with some 70% isopropyl rubbing alcohol. Wipe down the work surface with the rubbing alcohol-dampened paper towel. 4. Using a permanent marker, label the five baby food jars #1 to #5. 5. Using the 25 milliliter (mL) graduated cylinder, measure and pour 22.5 mL of distilled water (from a new, unopened container) into each of jars #2, #3, #4, and #5. 6. Using…

Therefore, the structural and optical characterization of prepared samples was carried out by using these instruments. 3.2 Synthesis of ZnO Nanostructures ZnO nanoparticles were prepared by using the following reagents : Starch solution Zinc nitrate hexahydrate {Zn〖(NO_3)〗_2 .6 H_2 O} Sodium hydroxide { NaOH) Freshly prepared ammonia solution. In order to prepare 0.01M of ZnO nanoparticles, the following steps were followed: The 0.01 M of Sodium hydroxide { NaOH}…

RESULT AND DISCUSSION 7.1. Preformulation studies 7.1.1. Identification of pure drug by FTIR Figure7.1: Identification of Sample through FTIR Figure 7.2: FTIR Spectrum of Standard Prazosin hydrochloride (with references of B.P.- 2009) Table: 7.1 - Characteristics peaks of Prazosin hydrochloride S.No. Reference peaks (cm-1) Theoretical peak of Prazosin hydrochloride Obtained peaks (cm-1) Functional Group Stretching/ Bending 1 1750-1680 1529.92 1529.92 C=O Stretching 2. 1650-1580…

a) Heckel equation In 1961, Heckel proposed the most widely used equation describing pharmaceutical powder behavior in compaction. It was initially used to study the densification of ceramics and its correlation with pressure. It a first order process where powder pores elimination rate is correlated to the number of pores present. The rate of volume reduction increases as the number of pores decrease. Heckel equation relates the density, pressure and the pore fraction of the powder [16],.…

Lactate dehydrogenase was assayed according to the method of King (1965) [21]. Reagents required: 1. 0.1 M glycine buffer: 7.5 g of glycine and 5.85 mg of sodium chloride were dissolved in one litre of distilled water. 2. Buffered substrate: 2.76 g of lithium lactate was dissolved in 125 ml of glycine buffer containing 75 ml of 0.1 N sodium hydroxide solution. This was prepared just before use. 3. 0.4 N NaOH. 4. 5.0 mg of NAD+ was dissolved in 1.0 ml of distilled water just before use. 5.…

Freezing salt-water experiment Contents: Contents, introduction and literature review on page 1. Aim, hypothesis, variables, risk assessment, materials and method on page 2. Results on page 3. Discussion and conclusion on page 4. Introduction: I have decided to do my SRP on salt water freezing because our planet is 71% water and about 96.5% of it is in the ocean which it is salt water so this is why I was interested in seeing how much salt, depresses the water from freezing. Literature…

Preformulation Study Preparation of calibration curve of Amoxicillin trihydrate [51,53,76] Preparation of stock for Hydrochloric acid Stock solution in 0.1N Hydrochloric acid (0.1N HCl): 10 mg of Amoxicillin was accurately weighed and transferred into 10 ml volumetric flask. It was dissolved and diluted to volume make up to mark with 0.1N HCl to give stock solution containing 1000 µg/ml, after than 1ml take to from 1000 µg/ml and dilute to volume make up to mark of 10ml volumetric flask with…