Throne of Blood

The history of decision making was discussed with Mr. Hesterberg. The father reported that Kensington had a health scare at birth. She was bleeding in the placenta. They did an emergency cesarean section and she had a blood transfusion after birth. There was concern about neurological issues, but everything was fine. There was no needed medical treatment. The first pediatrician in London was Dr. Noimark. The mother selected the pediatrician as she was knowledgeable of the health system. He did…

propria, and adventitia. The mucosa, the innermost layer, is composed of three sub-layers, the epithelium, lamina propria, and muscularis mucosa. Esophageal cancers typically begin in the epithelium of the mucosa, where squamous cells are located. Blood vessels and nerves of the esophagus are found under the mucosa, in the submucosa. The muscularis propria is composed of muscles and allows the esophagus to propel food from the throat towards the stomach. Lastly, the outer layer of the esophagus,…

Pain in the abdomen can be a common problem and although it can be caused by a lot of factors and may be due to some diseases. Of course, it can also disrupt your normal activities and daily tasks. However, if you are experiencing pain in your abdomen as a symptom of pancreatitis, you may need to find treatment for pancreatitis to stop the discomfort. Pancreatitis happens when your pancreas is inflamed and there can be a lot of causes for this. Excessive alcohol intake, gallstones, smoking,…

Krabbe disease is named after a danish doctor knud haraldsen krabbe he lived until 1885 to 1965.Krabbe disease is inherited disorder that destroys the protective coating (myelin) of nerve cells in the brain and throughout the nervous system. There’s no cure for krabbe disease.However, stem cell transplants have shown some success full in infants who are treated before the onset of symptoms and in some older children and adults. krabbe disease is named after a danish doctor knud haraldsen…

generally speaking bacteria enters the body leading to the communication of visceral inflammatory signals to the brain via afferent fibers of the vagus nerve. Blood flow is increased as a result of vessel dilation and leads to swelling in the tissue. It is during this time that the permeability of the vasculature increases allowing particular white blood cells (neutrophils and monocytes for innate immunity and lymphocytes for adaptive immunity) to enter the area and clean up. This then allows…

Background In 2014, the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases (AASLD) and European Association for the Study of the Liver (EASL) published a new set of practice guidelines for Hepatic Encephalopathy (Vistrup et al., 2014). These guidelines define Hepatic Encephalopathy (HE) as “a brain dysfunction caused by liver insufficiency and/or portosystemic shunting, and manifests as a wide spectrum of neurological/psychiatric abnormalities ranging from subclinical alterations to coma”…

What You Need to Know About Slipped and Herniated Discs Do you often experience a tingling sensation on your hands and legs? Do you have a pain that starts in the back and moves to your hand and feet? These may be signs indicating that you have a herniated or slipped disc. Discs are like cushions that keep our spine protected. They have a soft cartilage interior and a tough exterior meant to fit in between the vertebrae. A slipped disc means that the outer layer of the disc has cracked out…

Clinical Condition and Description of Clinical Presentation (Marchevsky and Richardson 1999): A Rottweiler, 8 years of age, reported with ataxia in the hindlimbs, in addition to patellar hyperreflexia together with deficits in proprioception and posture. Neck pain was also presented. Although some mild ataxia was reportedly seen in the forelimbs, proprioception and reflexes were normal. This was enough evidence to suggest a cervical spinal cord lesion. Radiographs obtained under sedation,…

Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) is characterized by a decrease in cardiac output (CO) and the consequent decrease in blood flow throughout the body leads to many widespread effects. For example, when CO is too low, the body starts to prioritize and will decrease blood flow to certain organs, such as the digestive viscera, in order to maintain needed blood flow in organs such as the brain. As a result, a person with CHF will have issues with cachexia and malnutrition because the body is not…

Cardiac dysfunction is the most severe side effect of DOX therapy. Previous studies demonstrate that cardiomyocyte death through apoptosis, necrosis, and other forms is a primary contributor to the development of DOX-induced cardiomyopathy(Zhang et al.,2009) The anthracycline doxorubicin-induced myocyte apoptosis is mediated by oxy radical chemistry. and change in level of antioxidant in the heart tissues(increase in CAT ,SOD and decrease level of GSH). On the other hand, a significant…