Thin layer chromatography

Gas chromatography (GC) is a chromatography technique where the separation of individual components (called analytes) from a sample relies on their differing distribution between the mobile phase and a stationary phase. The mobile phase is what carries the analyte (components being analysed) through the stationary phase and in GC, it is an inert gas, (usually helium or nitrogen). The gas must be inert so it will not react with the samples to give a false reading. The stationary phase is the…

grown in medium containing sorbital and betaine. Ferritin synthesis was induced in mid-log cells using isothiopropyl thiogalactoside (IPTG), and the soluble ferritin was isolated, after sonication of the bacterial cells, by fast protein liquid chromatography (FPLC) on a Fast Q-Sepharose matrix. Protein purified to homogeneity was sterilized by filtration through a 0.45 µm membrane and stored at 4 °C for less than 1 week before mixing with…

Introduction: The main purpose of this experiment was to take the Gas Chromatography/ Mass Spectrum part of the “Analysis of US bills for cocaine using gas chromatography / mass spectrometry” lab and improve upon the gas chromatographic results. This would be done by finding a way to separate the peaks of cocaine and doxepin. The lab done previously showed the use of two different methods to obtain samples of cocaine and doxepin for spiked dollar bills. The two extraction methods were…

4.3 High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) An HPLC analysis was carried out for the Fraction C2-7 for confirmation of the results obtained by TLC analysis. According to the HPLC chromatogram, there is only one peak was observed at the retention time of 4.510 minutes. Therefore, it can be concluded that there is only one compound presents in the Fraction C2-7. Basically, the first few small peaks in the chromatogram which is around 2-3 minutes are ‘noise’ from the injection that been made…

potential designer modification of banned drugs and show the same elemental composition and yielding identical nominal, exact masses and general analytical properties which make the potential of misidentification increase. Electron- ionization gas chromatography- mass spectrometry (EI-GC-MS) technique was used as initial methods to differentiate and separate the target compounds. In addition, consecutive confirmation methods was provided by…

MDMA (3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine), commonly referred to as ecstasy, and methamphetamine are central nervous system stimulants, which can produce euphoria, enhanced mental and emotional clarity, sensations of lightness and floating, and other hallucinations. (Chandra et al. 2015) Due to their effects, MDMA and methamphetamine are used in Drug-Facilitated Crimes (DFC), intended to impair behaviour, perceptions, or decision-making capacity to take advantage of an impaired person without…

Introduction According to Bio-Rad, Alamar Blue is a “cell viability assay reagent which contains the cell permeable, non-toxic and weakly fluorescent blue indicator dye called resazurin.” (Bio-Rad, n.d.). Meaning that the resazurin is going to be using an oxidation-reduction (REDOX) indicator that will undergo a color change due to the response of the cellular metabolic reduction. “The reduced form resorufin is pink and highly fluorescent, and the intensity of fluorescence produced is…

Introduction: This Laboratory experiment mainly focused on the fundamental concepts of basic Chromatography. We had a goal of learning about the properties of color additives, studying their molecular structures, and their rates of solubility when added to a strip of paper and temporarily placed into a beaker of solution. When actually performing the experiment, it is relatively easy and straightforward to do as long as you do not increase the concentration of the dye or leave the wrong side of…

abuse effect the environment. Ultraperformance Liquid Chromatography- Tandem Mass Spectrophotometry Analysis of Stimulatory Drugs of Abuse in Wastewater and Surface Waters1 Ultraperformance liquid chromatography is the best method for analyzing drugs of abuse in different substances including wastewater. Liquid chromatography reduces analysis time and increases efficiency. The purpose of this research, Ultra Ultraperformance Liquid Chromatography- Tandem Mass Spectrophotometry Analysis of…

HPLC column can be categorized into two types • Reverse Phase • Normal Phase 3.4.1.1. Reverse Phase Chromatography Reverse Phase system has a non-polar stationary phase over which polar solvents are used as mobile phase; it is generally used for separation of polar species. 3.4.1.2. Normal phase chromatography Normal Phase system has a polar stationary phase over which non-polar solvents are used as mobile phase; it is generally used for separation of non-polar species.[38]. A detection…