The Pathway

Amending these racing acts and rules of racing will provide for the welfare of greyhound pups because it will stop owners/trainers who have been disqualified from holding a license due to bad behavior from transferring ownership to other persons who then have the authority to dispose of these animals. By ensuring that the rules are amended it will allow suitable arrangements for the dogs can be made addressing the issue of wastage among this topic. Ensuring that greyhound pups are registered…

A receptor is a molecule usually found on the surface of the cell and receiving signals (chemical or hormonal) from outside the cell. Receptors belong to class of proteins. Binding of some substance to the receptor brings about changes that direct the actions of cell containing receptor. Ligand is the molecule that binds to the receptor and it can be a peptide, a hormone, neurotransmitter, drug or a toxin etc. Each receptor possesses two functional domains: recognition domain that binds the…

fire action potentials. The action potential travels down through a sensory neuron, which is the afferent path. The sensory neuron synapses in the spinal cord. The effector is the extrafusal muscle fiber. From there, it goes down the two effector pathways: 1) The interneurons inhibit the somatic motor neuron, which allow the hamstring to relax. 2) The somatic motor neuron will cause the quadriceps muscle to swing…

Sandra Bem is one of the influential psychologists who contributes to the literature especially about gender development from the feminist perspective. Lynn Liben and Rebecca Bigler get inspired from her ideas and theories. In this article, they mainly support arguments of Sandra Bem with psychological studies. Actually, in this article, the basis is from Sandra Bem and additional contributions are from author's researches. In this sense, we can say that this article contributes the psychology…

Lonidamine was developed by Threshold Pharmaceuticals in 1979. [5] Lonidamine was derived from indazole-3-carboxylic acid. [4] When originally discovered, Lonidamine was used as an infertility drug. [4] Through later research, Lonidamine was seen to have desirable effects on cancer cells. Lonidamine was then used as a drug for benign prostatic hyperplasia. Benign prostatic hyperplasia is the enlargement of the prostate gland in males. This causes symptoms like discomfort, frequent urination, and…

stabilizers are oral compounds that act via the HIF pathway to stimulate EPO production.22This is an easier method of administration compared to rhEPO, which needs injections. In consequence, they are less visibly detectable and less painful to use. These compounds include chemical elements such as Xenon, Argon and Cobalt.22 Recently in the 2014 winter Olympic Games, Russian athletes were caught abusing HIF activators.22Normally, the HIF pathway is activated upon hypoxic conditions. Thus, the…

The initial electrical impulse that begins the process of a heartbeat is generated by a group of cells located in the upper chamber of the heart. This special pathway is as follow: the sinoatrial node, atrioventricular node, his-purkinje network. The impulse starts in a small bundle of specialized cell which is known as the sinoatrial node located in the right atrium. The sinoatrial node sets the rate and rhythm of the heartbeat. The atrioventricular node slows the electrical signal before…

substances are both involved in the body’s inflammatory response, where runaway production of the two can lead to inflammatory disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis. Another one of these successful treatments, a sympathectomy, involves blocking a nerve pathway, through removal of an area connected to the complication. In order to determine if a sympathectomy is an applicable operation, the nerve of interest is injected with a steroid and anesthetic to inhibit functionality. If successful, the…

“Paying for the Party,” conveys the roles and choices made by college students, specifically female students from different classes at Midwest University (MU). The authors Armstrong and Hamilton observe how the decision made by these students may affect their social standings through out and after their college life. Based on a five-year long study the authors interviewed college women who were living in the “party dorm” at MU. They differentiated these women into three different classes, upper…

Gram-negative bacteria that would be among those translocating, and they bind to toll like receptor (TRL) 4 and TLR5 on macrophages in the portal vein and Kupffer cells in the liver of mice (Wang et al., 2013; Jarvelainen et al., 2000). The alcohol opens a pathway for the bacteria to travel into the portal vein where they are detected by the…