The Chronic

recognized by the healthcare profession: acute, chronic and cancer-related pain. Each of these types of pain will be discussed below. Acute Pain Acute pain lasts for about six months and tends to reduce over time, in contrast to chronic pain, which can last beyond six months. Acute pain can occur after surgical procedure,…

Summary Heat stress has shown to be detrimental to male reproduction, affecting the testicles and spermatogenesis. In 2010, a study was conducted in Iran using male lambs which were exposed to chronic heat stress. The objective of the study was to investigate the effect of moderate and high temperatures on testicular structures and on testosterone and cortisol concentrations in the developing ram lambs. Twenty fall born ram lambs were randomly assigned to a group: either to an outdoor heat…

The general health subscale of the SF-12 will be used in this study as the outcome and to assess the general health perception. General health subscale includes one item rated on a 5 point scale, poor to excellent. The response of this item will be transformed to a norm-based score (i.e. 0 to 100). Higher scores indicate a better health status and lower scores indicate a poorer health status [261]. The outcome will be assessed by one item, however, the literature supports validity and…

Illness can harm but not in the way you might expect. It can attack in ways other than causing pain or death. A chronic illness is more damaging than the worst of plagues as it will attack the quality of life of its victim. Ironically you need not hurt for the illness to do damage. The illness only need make you dependent on medication and it will eat away at your money and will ruin you by making it just that bit harder to make ends meet, just that bit harder to be happy. As time goes on the…

and chronic health issues such as obesity, diabetes, heart disease, and cancer amongst Americans and especially in the state of Texas has become a hot debate. Research on the study of behavior at the individual level has shown individuals with low political efficacy are connected to socioeconomics and dependency on low-income support services. While there is a time and place for low-income support services such as food stamps, health care, and other government assistance programs, chronic…

military veterans, 25% are children under 18 years of age, 30% have experienced domestic violence, and 20-25% experience a mental illness. There are three types of homelessness: chronic homelessness, transitional homelessness, and episodic homelessness. Homelessness in America is a bigger issue than people may realize. Chronic homelessness is defined by a person being entrenched in a shelter system and is in a long-term housing arrangement rather than an emergency arrangement ("National…

Alcoholism is a chronic disease that has that affects many age groups. Alcoholism is a chronic disorder marked by excessive and usually compulsive drinking of alcohol leading to psychological and physical dependence or addiction. It leads to many different disorders and issues to the body and mind. The symptoms of alcoholism is based on behavioral, mood, gastrointestinal and physiological. Theres many different treatments; medical, and physiological treatments. Many debate if it's a genetic, or…

Leukemia Leukemia is a type of cancer which attackes in the tissue responsible for the production of blood cells. It also include bone marrow and lymphatic system. Usually this type of cancer begins in the white blood cells. It destrois white blood cells ability to repel and fight off infection and various infections. Overall the growth of these cells are very sound and it is divided by the body's needs. But, in the case of leukemia ,bone marrow in the body produces a very large amount…

there becomes less space for normal blood cells and the patient becomes sick. There are two different types of leukaemia: acute leukaemia and chronic leukaemia. Acute leukaemia normally affects younger age groups and the disease works at a rapid pace in the blood and bone marrow. If it is left untreated the blast cells become fatal within weeks or months. Chronic leukaemia generally affects the older age group and works at a less rapid pace than acute leukaemia, is usually less aggressive and if…

There are three different intentions of wound healing; primary, secondary, tertiary. Primary intention healing is usually surgical wounds that are sutured and well approximated. Secondary involves chronic wounds that the wound edges do not come together, require more time and energy to heal, usually pressure ulcer wounds. Tertiary intention healing is needed for the wound to be open for a period of time before it can be sutured, the wound left open to allow drainage and later closed. One of the…