Temporomandibular joint

2. Discussion: Pathophysiology How hip implant is engineered An artificial hip is also referred to as a prosthesis. A prosthesis is a mechanical device that is designed to replace a biological part of the body. Each hip implant is made up two main parts: the Acetabular component or socket replaces the acetabulum. The acetabular component is made of a metal shell with the plastic inner that provides the bearing surface. The plastic used is so tough and slick. The femoral component the stem…

Assessment: The patient has developed painful post traumatic arthritis to the left ankle. She has large osteophytes to the anterior ankle joint causing impingement and pain with active range of motion. The left ankle fracture is well healed by x-ray evaluation. The most likely diagnosis is post-traumatic osteoarthritis after an open fracture dislocation of the left ankle 20 years ago. In a fracture dislocation of the ankle, the exposed cartilage can be disrupted and lead to osteoarthritis. In…

pivot joints, the axis of a convex articular surface is parallel with the longitudinal axis of the bone. [16] A hinge joint is a common class of synovial joint that includes the ankle, elbow, and knee joints. Hinge joints are formed between two or more bones where the bones can only move along one axis to flex or extend. [17] Classification of joints The structural classification divides joints into fibrous, cartilaginous, and synovial joints depending on the material composing the joint and…

Around 92% of all basketball players will have an ankle sprain at least one time during their playing career. Most basketball injuries are sprains, strains or contusions (muscle damage by impact) meaning the most common injured area for basketball players are either their ankle or knee. Here are the typical injuries found in basketball and what to do if they occur. Sprained Ankle One of the most frequent injuries is when a player rolls their ankle - where the sole of the foot faces inwards.…

Research In 1903, Robert Osgood, a US orthopedic surgeon, and Carl Schlatter, a Swiss surgeon, concurrently described the disease that now bears their names. They found a pattern in which teenagers who are still growing often experience knee pain and inflammation in the area just below the knee and they called it Osgood-Schlatter disease. Teens experience symptoms of this while doing athletic activities or doing some regular exercise like climbing stairs. They feel pain in their knee,…

Arthroscopic elbow fusion Overview Arthroscopic elbow fusion is persistent surgery to stick permanently the elbow with screws, essentially locking the joint in place to reduce pain; a narrow lighted tube with a camera at the end (arthroscope) and other instruments are inserted through several small cuts around the elbow to see the area and help the surgeon performing the surgery. Causes Indication for arthroscopic elbow fusion includes: • Elbow injury. • Chronic sepsis • Elbow rheumatoid…

Suture-button fixation for tibiofibular syndesmosis injuries is a relatively new surgical technique thought to provide semirigid dynamic stabilization. However, adequate information is still not available and there are controversies as to whether it provides enough fixation for syndesmosis injuries. Optimally directed suture-button fixation brings physiologic dynamic stabilization of the ankle syndesmosis. Controlled laboratory study. Stabilization of the ankle syndesmosis fixed by a…

Glenohumeral joint dislocations are injuries involved with damaged ligaments, fractures and neurovascular damage (Cunningham, 2012). The anterior dislocation, also known as the “subcoracoid dislocation” is when the humeral head (shoulder head) lies anterior and medial to the glenoid cavity (the fossa the humeral head articulates with). With this movement of the bone it causes pain, instability and restricts the joint. Static and dynamic forces prevent this joint from relocating (Cunningham,…

Advanced ankle arthritis, avascular osteonecrosis (AVN), and osteomyelitis (OM) of the ankle remain a surgical challenge in the foot and ankle arena with limited treatment options (64,62,61,52,42). The role of the talus within the ankle joint is of particular interest as it guides sagittal motion of the lower extremity (22). Multiple medical comorbidities including but not limited to autoimmune disease, trauma, avascular necrosis (42,52-54), or other idiopathic etiologies contribute to total…

canine needs some pain relief? With how active dogs are, it makes you wonder when their joints start to hurt or cause them pain. However, they can't tell you until you notice them limping along or gingerly climbing up the stairs. By this time, they are in considerable pain, and you are hoping it hasn't gotten so bad it can't be reversed. This is why aspirin for dogs has been created. Dogs can experience joint pain for multiple reasons. Excoriating pain can be caused by a fractured knee or a…