Technetium

because these problems would often go untreated until much later in their development since they would not be picked up by X-rays. The branch of medicine that uses radioisotopes for research, diagnosis and treatment of disease is called nuclear medicine. The most commonly used radioisotope worldwide is technetium-99m. The ‘m’ in its name stands for metastable. Although all isotopes of technetium are radioactive and its most common isotope is Tc-98, the metastable isotope is most desired – Tc-99m. Making an isotope metastable is achieved by exciting the nucleons (neutrons or protons). Obtaining technetium is where it gets more complicated. The radioisotope has a half-life of 6 hours, so if a doctor were to order it from a distant supplier, it would decay into a different element by the time it arrived. Instead, doctors order a different isotope, molybdenum-99, which has a half-life of almost 3 days. Technetium itself does not exist in nature. It is created by decayed Molybdenum-99, which is created by bombarding Molybdenum-98 with a proton, which then decays to produce metastable Tc-99. Creating technetium this way is only allowed for medical purposes. Since all forms of technetium are radioactive, and radiation damages or kills living cells, it must be bonded to other chemical compounds to ensure that it does not cause harm to the body. Depending on what area of the body is to be targeted, different 99mTc radiopharmaceuticals are used. There are first and second generation…

the mid 1920’s when George de Hevesy administered radionuclides to lab rats. Introducing these radionuclides displayed metabolic pathways between substances within the rats. These reactions were called tracers. Frederic and Irene Joliot-Curie were the first to experiment with artificially produced radionuclides. By irradiating foil with polonium artificial radioactivity was created. The work done by the Joliot-Curie’s was later built upon by other scientists such as Roentgn, who invented the…

Phosphorus. The Silicon which was exposed to radiation is sliced into chips, used for a variety of advanced computer applications. This process increases the efficiency of electrical conductivity in the silicon which is an essential feature for the electronics industry (including; video cameras, and air conditioning units). The reaction is as follows: Medical radioisotopes are also created at ANSTO, Technetium-99m is the most important, since it is used in 80% of nuclear medical scans,…

I read the book A Tale of Seven Elements by Eric R. Scerri. This book was published on June 20 of 2013 by Oxford University Press, USA and it contains 270 pages. A Tale of Seven Elements is a non fiction chemistry book. Overall this book talks about how seven elements - protactinium, hafnium, rhenium, technetium, francium, astatine and promethium - were discovered. These elements are referred to him as infra-uranium elements. Each element has its own chapter with a description to how it was…

contraindication of contrast media In the radiation they are using many tints , e.g. barium also We are using in the nuclear medicine and it’s called radiopharmaceuticals such as Carbon-11 , Chromium-51 , Fluorine-18FDG , Gallium-87 , Gallium-86 citrate , Technetium-99 , Iodine-123 and Iodine-131 . there are all these different uses pigments have benefits and harm . Firstly , we will talk about Iodine-123 is used to diagnoses the patients . It use for routine scan the time of…

elements that included any molecule that could donate an electron to be shared. Consequently, A Lewis base is any species that donates a pair of electrons to a Lewis acid to form a Lewis adduct. Throughout their work with acids and bases, Lewis taught Seaborg the research method of breaking a big project into small parts; which he later used in the Manhattan Project. Before his research assistantship expired, he began instructing in the chemistry department in 1939. In working with Emilio Segré…

Chlorine is an element that consists of 17 protons, an average of 18.5 neutrons and 17 electrons. It has an atomic number of 17, and an average nuclear charge of 35.5. There are 2 isotopes of chlorine that are 35Cl and 37Cl. 35Cl has an atomic mass of 35 and a natural abundance of 75%. 37Cl has an atomic mass of 37 and a natural abundance of 25%. The average atomic mass or nuclear charge equates to 35.5. Both of the isotopes have the same atomic number. (BBC Bitesize. Atoms and the periodic…

Forensic Anthropology Bone Scans How do bone scans help forensic anthropologist figure out how people died? There are many different bone scans that can help them look at different fractures in the bones.The bone scans can help figure out if the deceased was abused,or brought around drugs. Some types of scans that look at bones are the Skeletal Scintigraphy, Dexa Scan, and a Bone Scan. All of these bone scans are used in different ways to help figure out how people died. “Skeletal…

not discovered was because back in Mendeleev’s time they only looked for elements with high reactivity. Since the noble gases are completely non-reactive, they were never discovered. The lanthanides and actinides are in block f. Together there are 6 blocks in the periodic table. These blocks are s, d, p, and f. In the s block are the 14 elements (Hydrogen, Lithium, Beryllium, Sodium, Magnesium, Potassium, Calcium, Rubidium, Strontium, Caesium, Barium, Francium, and Radium.) The reason…

Individual atoms always have an integer number of atomic mass units; however, the atomic mass on the periodic table is stated as a decimal number because it is an average of the various isotopes of an element. The average number of neutrons for an element can be found by subtracting the number of protons (atomic number) from the atomic mass. Fun Facts About The Modern Periodic Table 1. While Dmitri Mendeleev is most often cited as the inventor of the modern periodic table, his table was just…